Abstract: In order to get method of callus induction of plant embryo,and set up the integral somatic embryo induction system of monoclonal cell,and lay the foundation for further somatic mutation breeding,the differences of cell morphology and structure from different types of alfalfa callus were observed and compared by quick section and microscopic examination.The results showed that giant callus cells were larger,and the cell volume of giant callus were 4.5 times more than loose callus cells and 9 times more than hard-type callus cells,which had 48% cells of 5-8 big vacuoles.Loose callus cells had 89% cells of 2-4 small vacuoles and hard-type callus cells had 97% cells with one large central vacuole.Loose callus cells had more chloroplast,which were 4.65 times more than giant callus cells.The chloroplast of hard-type callus cells were gathered into groups,which had 3-5 chloroplasts in it.In short,there were lower cell differentiation and more clear vacuolation in giant callus,and high degree of differentiation and tissue aging in hard-type callus.The loose callus was undifferentiated,was lower on vacuolization and apparent on characteristics of embryonic callus,so that it was more suitable for induction of somatic embryos.

Key words: Callus, Morphology, Aging, Vacuoles, Embryonic

CLC Number: 

• S541.9