基于小麦外引种质资源的粒质量基因分子标记检测及组合分析

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192106

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了有效利用外引小麦种质资源和探讨部分小麦粒质量基因的育种应用价值，以48份小麦外引种质为材料，测定种质千粒质量，并利用4个粒质量基因（TaGW2-6A、TaCwi-A1、TaGS2-D1和TaSus2-2B）的功能分子标记进行高千粒质量等位变异类型和分布检测。结果表明，外引种质材料的平均千粒质量为30.15 g，变异范围为20.13~43.19 g，超平均值种质材料占45.8%。外引小麦种质中4个粒质量相关基因存在8种单倍型，TaCwi-A1基因、TaGW2-6A基因的高千粒质量单倍型TaCwi-A1a和Hap-6A-A的平均千粒质量均显著高于对应的低千粒质量单倍型TaCwi-A1b和Hap-6A-G。而TaSus2-2B基因、TaGS2-D1基因的低千粒质量单倍型TaSus2-2Bb和TaGS2-D1b的平均千粒质量均显著高于对应的高千粒质量单倍型TaSus2-2Ba和TaGS2-D1a。含有相同单倍型组合的种质在供试材料中占比较高的，其平均千粒质量也相对较高。研究表明，这些外引小麦种质的粒质量相关性状具有较好的遗传改良潜力，在小麦育种中对多个相关粒质量基因进行综合遗传效应分析十分必要。

关键词: 小麦, 外引种质, 粒质量基因, 分子标记, 单倍型

Abstract: In order to effectively utilize the introduced wheat germplasm resources and explore the breeding application value of some wheat grain weight genes, the 1000-kernel weight(TKW) of 48 introduced wheat germplasms were identified, and the allelic variation types and the distribution of high TKW alleles were detected by using the functional molecular markers of four grain weight genes(TaGW2-6A、TaCwi-A1、TaGS2-D1 and TaSus2-2B). The results showed that the average TKW of the introduced germplasm materials was 30.15 g, the variation range was 20.13-43.19 g, and the germplasm materials above the average accounted for 45.8%. There were 8 haplotypes in the 4 grain weight-related genes in the introduced wheat germplasms. The average TKW of high TKW haplotypes TaCwi-A1a of TaCwi-A1 gene and Hap-6A-A of TaGW2-6A gene were significantly higher than the corresponding low ones(TaCwi-A1b and Hap-6A-G). The average TKW of the low TKW haplotypes TaSus2-2Bb of TaSus2-2B gene and TaGS2-D1b of TaGS2-D1 gene were significantly higher than the corresponding high TKW haplotypes TaSus2-2Ba and TaGS2-D1a. Generally germplasm materials containing the same haplotype combination of each grain weight gene accounted for a relatively higher proportion of the tested materials, and their average TKW was relatively higher. Studies indicate that the grain weight-related traits of these wheat germplasms have good genetic improvement potential, and it is necessary to analyze the comprehensive genetic effects of related grain weight genes in wheat breeding.

Key words: Wheat, Introduced germplasm, Grain weight gene, Molecular marker, Haplotype

中图分类号:

S512.1

吴晓军, 李奉原, 申云霞, 陈向东, 胡喜贵, 姜豪, 张雪宁, 李小利, 胡铁柱, 茹振钢. 基于小麦外引种质资源的粒质量基因分子标记检测及组合分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(5): 127-134. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192106.

WU Xiaojun, LI Fengyuan, SHEN Yunxia, CHEN Xiangdong, HU Xigui, JIANG Hao, ZHANG Xuening, LI Xiaoli, HU Tiezhu, RU Zhengang. Molecular Marker Detection and Analysis of Allelic Variation Combinations of Grain Weight Genes Based on Introduced Wheat Germplasm Resources[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(5): 127-134. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192106.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I5/127

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