摘要： 为明确大田试验条件下硝化抑制剂（2-氯-6-（三氯甲基）吡啶，CP）对江苏地区糯玉米农艺性状、产量、氮素吸收利用效率、土壤铵态氮和硝态氮的影响，以糯玉米品种苏玉糯5号为供试材料，设置不施氮对照（N0）、农民常规施氮（N，以当地高产玉米施氮量为参照）、农民常规施氮+硝化抑制剂（N+CP）、减氮25%（-25% N）、减氮25%+硝化抑制剂（-25% N+CP）5个处理。结果表明：在减氮25%的条件下，配施CP处理可显著提高糯玉米产量，-25% N+CP处理相较于-25% N处理提高了15%~17%，且-25%+CP处理后，糯玉米部分农艺性状及产量与农民常规施氮无显著差异；配施CP处理后土壤中铵态氮的含量比相应的不施CP处理高，其中N+CP处理相较于N处理高出179%~224%，硝态氮含量减少35%；-25% N+CP处理土壤中的铵态氮含量相较于-25% N处理高出202%~261%，硝态氮含量减少30%~36%；配施CP可提高糯玉米的氮积累量、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学效率，其中-25% N+CP处理的糯玉米利用效率最高。综合考虑在保持糯玉米产量的同时提高氮肥利用率，推荐减施25%化学氮肥并配施硝化抑制剂，可为实现糯玉米在农业生产上“减氮增效”的目标提供依据。

关键词: 糯玉米, 硝化抑制剂, 产量, 氮素利用率, 铵态氮, 硝态氮

Abstract: In order to clarify the agronomic traits, yield, nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency of waxy maize in Jiangsu area under nitrification inhibitor (2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, CP) under field test conditions, soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen effects, using waxy corn variety Suyunuo No.5 as the test material, setting five treatments:a non-nitrogen control (N0), farmers' conventional nitrogen application (N, taking the local high-yield corn nitrogen application as a reference), farmers' conventional nitrogen inhibitor (N+CP), nitrogen reduction 25% (-25%N), nitrogen reduction 25%+nitrification inhibitor (-25%N+CP). The results showed that:under the condition of reducing nitrogen by 25%, the combined application of CP treatment could significantly increase the yield of waxy corn. Compared with-25%N treatment, the-25%N+CP treatment increases by 15%-17%, and-25%+CP after treatment, the part of agronomic characteristics and yield of waxy corn were not significantly different from the farmers' conventional nitrogen application; the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil after the combined CP treatment was higher than the corresponding non-CP treatment, and the N+CP treatment was higher than the N treatment 179%-224%, the nitrate nitrogen content was reduced by 35%; the ammonium nitrogen content in the soil treated with-25%N+CP was 202%-261% higher than-25%, and the nitrate nitrogen content was reduced by 30%-36%;CP application could increase the nitrogen accumulation of waxy corn, nitrogen fertilizer had partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, among which-25% N+CP treated waxy corn had the highest nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency. Considering comprehensively improving the efficiency of nitrogen absorption and utilization while maintaining the yield of waxy corn, it was recommended to reduce the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer by 25% and apply nitrification inhibitors, which can provide a basis for achieving the goal of ″reducing nitrogen and increasing efficiency″ of waxy corn in agricultural production.

Key words: Waxy corn, Nitrification inhibitor, Yield, Nitrogen use efficiency, Ammonium nitrogen, Nitrate nitrogen

中图分类号: 

• S143.1

• S513.01