摘要： 为了实现酿造高粱氮肥合理高效利用，以晋杂22号为试验品种，研究了6种氮肥施用量（0，75，150，225，300，450 kg/hm²）对酿造高粱产量和氮素利用率的影响。结果表明，在施氮0~450 kg/hm²，施用氮肥有效地增加了高粱产量和净利润，但随着施氮量的增加产量先升高后降低，其关系可表示为y=-0.037x²+17.759x+5 874.41（R²=0.878 1）。随着施氮量的增加高粱氮肥偏生产力和氮肥利用率显著降低；氮素吸收效率逐渐降低；氮素利用效率大体呈下降趋势；当施氮量为225 kg/hm²时，高粱产量、净利润最大，极显著高于不施氮处理，增产率达37.64%；氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力分别为9.96，36.42 kg/kg，氮肥利用率可达到38.70%，且氮平衡为3.07，大体上满足氮素平衡。综合分析各项指标，施氮量为225 kg/hm²是酿造高粱晋杂22号实现高产、高效益、较高氮肥利用率的适宜氮量。

关键词: 酿造高粱, 施氮量, 产量, 氮素利用率

Abstract: To realize rational and effective use of N fertilizer in brewing sorghum,a field trial with a brewing sorghum variety Jinza 22 was conducted to study the effects of different N fertilizer rates (0,75,150,225,300,450 kg/ha)on yield of brewing sorghum and nitrogen use efficiency.The results showed that nitrogen application increased effectively grain yield and net profit of sorghum in the range of 0-450 kg/ha N applied,but grain yield increased and then decreased with the increased of nitrogen application.The relationship between yield and N fertilizer rates could be expressed as y=-0.037x²+17.759x+5 874.41 (R²=0.878 1).With the increased of N application,N partial factor productivity and N fertilizer use efficiency significantly decreased,N absorption efficiency gradually reduced and N use efficiency had a largely down trend.The highest yield and net profit were obtained by the N treatment of 225 kg/ha (N₂₂₅).Compared with the treatment of no nitrogen application,yield of N₂₂₅ was increased extremely significantly with the rate of yield increased of 37.64%,N agronomic efficiency of 9.96 kg/kg,N partial factor productivity of 36.42 kg/kg,N fertilizer use efficiency of 38.70% and N balance of 3.07 which kept roughly the N balance.Comprehensive analysis of the indicators,N fertilizer application rate of 225 kg/ha is the optimum level for high-yield,high-income and relative high-N use efficiency of sorghum variety Jinza 22 under the experimental condition.

Key words: Brewing sorghum, Nitrogen application rate, Yield, Nitrogen use efficiency

中图分类号: 

• S514

• S143.1