摘要： 为了探究花生适宜的断根深度,为花生高产栽培提供理论与技术依据。采用箱栽方法,研究了断根深度对花生光合特性及干物质积累的影响。结果表明,不同断根深度处理在短时间内均造成叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、单株叶面积、茎叶干物重、根系干物重、荚果干物重降低,并随着断根深度的加深降低幅度呈加大的趋势。之后适度断根处理的叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、单株叶面积、茎叶干物重、根系干物重、荚果干物重均高于对照,且有时达到显著或极显著水平,但过度断根处理叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、单株叶面积、茎叶干物重、根系干物重、荚果干物重则一直均低于对照。说明适度断根在前期可以控制花生茎叶根系的生长,之后具有补偿甚至超补偿效应,过度断根则不具有补偿效应。认为花生的适宜断根深度在10～15 cm。

关键词: 花生, 断根, 深度, 光合特性, 干物质积累

Abstract: In order to investigate the appropriate depth of root cutting for peanut, and provide theoretical and technical basis for peanut high-yield cultivation, the effects of depth of root cutting on the photosynthetic characteris- tics and dry matter accumulation were studied by using the box-planting methods. The results showed: Different depths of root cutting treatments all reduced leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area per plant, stem and leaf dry matter weight, root dry matter weight and pod dry matter weight in a short time after root cutting. Moreover, the decrease range of them showed increasing trend with the increase of root cutting depth. In afterwards, the effects of the suitable depth of root cutting on leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area per plant, stem and leaf dry matter weight, root dry matter weight and pod dry matter weight were higher than these of the control, and of them sometimes reached to significant or extremely significant level. However, excessive root cut- ting can cause leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area per plant, stem and leaf dry matter weight, root dry matter weight and pod dry matter weight lower than the control. This showed that moderate root cutting of peanut in early growing stage can regulate and control the growth of root system, in afterwards, bring with compensa- tion and super compensation effect on peanut growth and development, and excessive root cutting has no compensa- tion effects. This research suggested that moderate depth of root cutting is between 10 to 15 cm.

Key words: Peanut, Root cutting, Depth, Photosynthetic characteristics, Dry matter accumulation

中图分类号: 

• S565.01