摘要： 2008年在河南进行了夏芝麻四点联合打顶试验,研究不同时期不同地点打顶对芝麻产量、品质及光合特性的影响.结果表明,与不打顶(CK)相比,出苗后0,70,80 d进行打顶,增产达极显著或显著水平,增产幅度为.38%～10.61%;出苗后20,30,40 d打顶,减产均达极显著水平,减产幅度为39.0%～49.70%,表明后期打顶可有效增加产量,早期打顶使产量显著下降;在河南生态区域范围内,随着地理纬度升高,适期提早打顶对芝麻有显著增产效果.品质测试结果表明,早期打顶有利于蛋白质形成和积累,后期打顶有利于粗脂肪形成和积累.在灌浆后期,早期打顶芝麻光合速率、光能利用率和水分利用率分别比不打顶(CK)增加18.11%,10.62%,23.08%;后期打顶的分别比不打顶(CK)增加3.00%,2.13%,7.69%.

关键词: 芝麻, 打顶时期, 产量, 品质, 光合特性

Abstract: The experiment was carried out with topping in different stage and in different site to investigate the sesame yield，quality and correlation character in 2008 in Henan. The results indicated that: there were significantly higher yield of the topping treatment after sprouted 50， 70 and 80 d than no-topping(CK) (5. 38%－10. 61%) and significantly lower yield of the topping treatment after sprouted 20，30 and 40 d than no-topping(CK) (39. 05%－49. 70%) . Topping could increase yield in late stage and decrease yield in early stage，in the same time，yield increased with the latitude value increasing if topping in early stage in Henan ecoregion. The quality analyzing indicated that topping would help protein to form and accumulate in early stage and crude fat form and accumulate in late stage. Photosynthetic rate，Solar energy use efficiency and Water use efficiency of topping in early stage was enhanced 18. 11%，10. 62%，23. 08% and topping in late stage was enhanced 3. 00%，2 . 13%，7. 69% than those of no-topping (CK) in grain-filling late stage.

Key words: Sesame, Topping-stage, Yield, Quality, Photosynthesis property

中图分类号: 

• S6.3