摘要： 试验研究了紧凑型玉米郑单958和平展型玉米农大364在籽粒灌浆、成熟过程中叶片衰老的形态变化。在灌浆期内,两个品种植株下部和顶部叶片的衰老进程明显快于中部叶片,并且平展型玉米的表现更为明显。两个品种穗位叶以上叶片的衰老程度具有明显差异,成熟期时,除了第17、18两叶以外,平展型玉米各叶位叶片的衰老比例均高于紧凑型玉米,致使其单株叶面积显著低于紧凑型玉米。籽粒灌浆后半阶段叶片的衰老速率显著高于前半阶段,平展型玉米在灌浆后半阶段叶片的衰老速度明显高于紧凑型玉米,这可能是引起两个品种单株产量差异的原因之一。有效缓解灌浆后半阶段顶部叶片的衰老将有助于提高玉米产量,特别是平展型玉米。

关键词: 玉米, 叶片, 形态衰老, 单株产量

Abstract: In this study,7hengdan 958 (compact type maize)and Nongda 364 (loosely type maize) were sellected asmaterials,and leaf senescence during mature period of seed was studied. During grain filling period,senesence process ofbottom and top leaves was faster than central leaves. And this was more in loosely type maize. The senescence of leavesabove the ear had obvious differences between two maize varieties. At mature stage,proportion of senescence in leaves atfferent nodes of loosely type maize was higher than that of compact type maize,except for the 17th and 18th leaf. So theleaf area of site plant in loosely type maize was significantly lower than compact type maize. Rate of leaf senescenceduring the second half of the grain filling period were greater than that during the first half of the grain filling period. Onefactor which caused the difference of single planteld between two maize varieties was rate of leaf senescence during thesecond half of the grain filling period in loosely type maize was significantly higher than that in compact type maize. During the second half of the grain filling period,effectively alleviating the senescence of top leaves will be helpful to increasetheeld of maize,especially for loosely type maize.

Key words: Maize, Leiaf, Moiphological senescence of leaves, Single plant yield

中图分类号: 

• S513