甜樱桃砧穗组合盐胁迫下的生理响应及耐盐机制

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196271

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究2个甜樱桃砧穗组合对NaCl的生理响应差异,探究不同甜樱桃砧穗组合对盐胁迫响应的生理机制,为甜樱桃耐盐砧木筛选及盐碱地栽培提供依据。结果表明,NaCl处理促进了2个甜樱桃砧穗组合植株叶片中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸等渗透调节物质的积累,以甜樱桃品种美早(M)分别嫁接在吉塞拉6号(G6)和考特(KT)砧木上的一年生植株为试验材料,采用盆栽模拟NaCl胁迫,测定渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性及光合气体交换参数,随着NaCl处理浓度的升高,M/G6的可溶性糖含量先增后减,M/KT持续增加;M/KT在150 mmol/L NaCl处理下的脯氨酸含量增幅(6.11倍)显著高于M/G6(1.74倍)。MDA含量和SOD活性均随着NaCl处理浓度的升高而增加,而M/G6的POD活性在100 mmol/L时达峰值,显著高于M/KT。随着NaCl处理浓度的升高,2个甜樱桃砧穗组合植株叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)逐渐降低,而胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)逐渐升高,非气孔限制为2个砧穗组合叶片Pn下降的主要因素。综上所述,M/G6在中等盐胁迫(100 mmol/L)下的耐盐性更优,依赖可溶性糖积累和POD活性增强缓解氧化损伤;M/KT在高盐胁迫(150 mmol/L)下通过脯氨酸积累和SOD活性升高来维持渗透平衡。综合评价认为,实际生产中,轻度盐渍土可选择M/KT,中等盐渍土推荐M/G6。

关键词: 甜樱桃, 盐胁迫, 砧穗组合, 生理特性, 光合特性

Abstract:

The study aimed to examine the differences in physiological responses to NaCl between these two sweet cherry scion-rootstock combinations,explore the physiological mechanisms governing how different sweet cherry scion-rootstock combinations respond to salt stress,and provide a basis for screening salt-tolerant rootstocks and cultivating sweet cherries in saline-alkali soils.One-year-old plants of the sweet cherry cultivar Meizao(M) grafted onto Gisela 6 (G6) and Colt (KT) rootstocks were used as experimental materials.A pot culture experiment was conducted to simulate NaCl stress,with determinations made on the contents of osmotic adjustment substances,activities of antioxidant enzymes,and photosynthetic gas exchange parameters.The results showed that NaCl treatment promoted the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances such as soluble sugar,soluble protein,and proline in the leaves of the two sweet cherry scion-rootstock combinations.With the increase in NaCl treatment concentration,the soluble sugar content of M/G6 increased first and then decreased,while that of M/KT continued to increase.Under the 150 mmol/L NaCl treatment,the increase in proline content of M/KT (6.11 times) was significantly higher than that of M/G6 (1.74 times).The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with the increase in NaCl treatment concentration.However,the peroxidase (POD) activity of M/G6 reached its peak at 100 mmol/L,which was significantly higher than that of M/KT.With the increase in NaCl treatment concentration,the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the leaves of the two sweet cherry scion-rootstock combinations gradually decreased,while the intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci) gradually increased.Non-stomatal limitation was the main factor for the decrease in Pn of the leaves of the two scion-rootstock combinations.M/G6 showed better salt tolerance under moderate salt stress (100 mmol/L),alleviating oxidative damage by relying on the accumulation of soluble sugar and the enhancement of POD activity.M/KT maintained osmotic balance through the accumulation of proline and the increase in SOD activity under high salt stress (150 mmol/L).Based on comprehensive evaluation,in actual production,M/KT can be considered as a reference option for slightly saline soil,and M/G6 is recommended for moderately saline soil.

Key words: Sweet cherry, Salt stress, Scion-rootstock combinations, Physiological characteristics, Photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号:

S662.5

李焕勇, 廖方舟, 王飞, 王耀栋, 徐志刚, 张瑶, 杨丽芳. 甜樱桃砧穗组合盐胁迫下的生理响应及耐盐机制[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(6): 110-116. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196271.

LI Huanyong, LIAO Fangzhou, WANG Fei, WANG Yaodong, XU Zhigang, ZHANG Yao, YANG Lifang. Physiological Responses and Salt Tolerance Mechanisms of Sweet Cherry Scion-Rootstock Combinations under Salt Stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(6): 110-116. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196271.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2025/V40/I6/110

图/表 4

图1 盐胁迫下2种砧木嫁接的甜樱桃幼苗植株形态和叶片表型变化 A.M/G6;B.M/KT。0,50,100,150分别表示0,50,100,150 mmol/L NaCl处理。

Fig.1 Plant morphological changes and leaf phenotypic changes of sweet cherry seedlings grafted with two rootstocks under salt stress A.M/G6,B.M/KT.0,50,100 and 150 indicate 0,50,100,and 150 mmol/L NaCl treatment,respectively.

图2 盐胁迫下2种砧木嫁接的甜樱桃幼苗渗透调节物质含量的变化不同小写字母表示同一品种不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。图3,4同。

Fig.2 Changes of the contents of osmotic adjustment substances in sweet cherry seedlings grafted with two rootstocks under salt stress Different small letters indicate significant differences among different treatments of the same variety (P<0.05).The same as Fig.3,4.

图3 盐胁迫下2种砧木嫁接的甜樱桃幼苗MDA含量及SOD和POD活性的变化

Fig.3 Changes of the MDA content and SOD and POD activity in sweet cherry seedlings grafted with two rootstocks under salt stress

图4 盐胁迫下2种砧木嫁接的甜樱桃幼苗光合气体交换参数的变化

Fig.4 Changes of the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters in sweet cherry seedlings grafted with two rootstocks under salt stress

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