摘要：

为探究氨基酸肥与尿素配施对辣椒土壤活性有机碳组分及酶活性的影响,明确提高辣椒土壤活性有机碳组分含量的施肥模式。在同一施氮水平下,设不施肥(CK)、单施尿素(N0)、80%尿素N+20%氨基酸肥N(N20)、60%尿素N+40%氨基酸肥N(N40)、40%尿素N+60%氨基酸肥N(N60)、20%尿素N+80%氨基酸肥N(N80)和单施氨基酸肥(N100)7个处理,分析各处理土壤理化性质、土壤活性有机碳组分含量和酶活性变化。结果表明: 氨基酸肥与尿素配施能有效提升土壤活性有机碳组分含量及土壤酶活性。土壤有机碳含量随着氨基酸肥施入量的增加而增加,土壤活性有机碳组分含量和酶活性随着氨基酸肥施入量的增加呈现先增加后平稳或者微降的趋势。其中N60处理的土壤易氧化有机碳含量、颗粒态有机碳含量、微生物量碳含量、纤维素酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和淀粉酶活性提升效果最佳:在0~20 cm土层,对比CK处理分别提高了105.50%,19.43%,142.60%,126.57%,22.28%,308.20%;在20~40 cm土层,对比CK处理分别提高了39.75%,59.32%,59.00%,130.27%,33.24%,342.16%。相关性分析表明:土壤总有机碳及各活性有机碳组分与酶活性均呈显著正相关。可见,氨基酸肥与尿素配施能够有效提高辣椒土壤中的活性有机碳含量和酶活性,且以40%尿素N配施60%氨基酸肥N提升潜力最大。

关键词: 辣椒-土壤, 氨基酸肥与尿素配施, 土壤活性有机碳, 土壤酶活性

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of combined application of amino acid fertilizer and urea on soil active organic carbon components and enzyme activities in pepper,and to clarify the fertilization mode to increase the content of soil active organic carbon components in pepper.Seven treatments were set up,including no fertilization(CK),single application of urea(N0),80% urea + 20% amino acid fertilizer(N20),60% urea + 40% amino acid fertilizer(N40),40% urea + 60% amino acid fertilizer(N60),20% urea + 80% amino acid fertilizer(N80)and single application of amino acid fertilizer(N100).The changes of soil physical and chemical properties,soil active organic carbon content and enzyme activity under each treatment were studied.The results showed that the combined application of amino acid fertilizer and urea could effectively increase the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,organic matter,enzyme activity,organic carbon and its active components in soil.The content of soil organic carbon increased with the increase of amino acid fertilizer application,and the content of soil active organic carbon components and enzyme activity increased first and then stabilized or decreased slightly with the increase of amino acid fertilizer application.The soil easily oxidized organic carbon content,particulate organic carbon content,microbial biomass carbon content,cellulase activity,catalase activity and amylase activity of N60 treatment were the best:in 0-20 cm soil layer,compared with CK treatment,they were increased by 105.50%,19.43%,142.60%,126.57%,22.28% and 308.20%,respectively.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,compared with CK treatment,it increased by 39.75%,59.32%,59.00%,130.27%,33.24% and 342.16%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that soil total organic carbon and active organic carbon components were significantly positively correlated with enzyme activity.It can be seen that the combined application of amino acid fertilizer and urea can effectively improve the soil active organic carbon content and enzyme activity in pepper,and the treatment of 40% urea combined with 60% amino acid fertilizer has the greatest potential for improvement.

Key words: Pepper-soil, Amino acid fertilizer and urea, Soil active organic carbon, Soil enzyme activity