盐碱胁迫下不同抗性燕麦品种根际土壤细菌群落及酶活性差异

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195688

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究秦琼(Q)燕麦和梦龙(M)燕麦在盐碱胁迫处理下根际土壤细菌群落多样性和土壤酶活性相互关系,采用细菌16S rRNA高通量测序技术和土壤酶活比色分析法,对秦琼和梦龙在盐碱胁迫处理0,6,12,24,48 h下根际土壤细菌群落结构和土壤酶活性进行对比分析。结果显示,在门水平上,秦琼根际土壤中放线菌门、变形菌门相对丰度占比高于梦龙。在属水平上,秦琼根际土壤中的芽孢杆菌属、节杆菌属相对丰度占比高于梦龙,但假单胞菌属相对丰度占比低于梦龙。盐碱胁迫48 h后,秦琼根际的土壤多酚氧化酶(S-PPO)、土壤过氧化氢酶(S-CAT)、土壤脱氢酶(S-DHA)、土壤转化酶(S-AI)活性是梦龙的1.32,1.53,1.38,1.28倍。且S-CAT活性与细菌ACE、Chao多样性指数呈显著正相关。秦琼可以通过改变优势菌群的相对丰度占比,影响细菌群落结构变化,提高细菌群落多样性指数与土壤酶活性,而梦龙根际的细菌群落变化不显著。土壤微生物群落多样性是决定燕麦品种耐盐碱能力的重要因素。

关键词: 燕麦, 盐碱胁迫, 微生物多样性, 土壤酶活性

Abstract:

To explore the relationship between soil bacterial community diversity and soil enzyme activity of Qinqiong(Q) and Magnum(M) under salinity stress treatment,the bacterial community structure and soil enzyme activity of Qinqiong and Magnum for 0,6,12,24,48 h were compared and analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA and colorimetry.The results indicated that at the phylum level,the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the rhizosphere soil of Qinqiong were higher than those in Magnum.At the genus level,the relative abundances of Bacillus and Arthrobacter in the rhizosphere soil of Qinqiong were greater than those in Magnum,while the relative abundance of Pseudomonas was lower compared to Magnum.After 48 hours of saline-alkali stress,the activities of soil polyphenol oxidase(S-PPO),soil catalase(S-CAT),soil dehydrogenase(S-DHA),and soil invertase(S-AI) in the rhizosphere of Qinqiong were 1.32,1.53,1.38,and 1.28 times higher than those of Magnum,respectively.Furthermore,the S-CAT activity exhibited a significant positive correlation with the bacterial ACE and Chao diversity indices.Qinqiong may influence changes in bacterial community structure by altering the relative abundances of dominant bacterial groups,thereby enhancing the bacterial community diversity index and soil enzyme activity.In contrast,the changes in the bacterial community within the rhizosphere of Magnum were not significant.The diversity of soil microbial communities is a critical factor determining the saline-alkali tolerance of oat varieties.

Key words: Oat, Saline-alkali stress, Microbial diversity, Soil enzyme activity

中图分类号:

殷亚杰, 张天然, 王日欣, 曲丽娜, 陈乃钰, 任国领. 盐碱胁迫下不同抗性燕麦品种根际土壤细菌群落及酶活性差异[J]. 华北农学报, 2026, 41(1): 145-154. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195688.

YIN Yajie, ZHANG Tianran, WANG Rixin, QU Lina, CHEN Naiyu, REN Guoling. Differences in Bacterial Communities and Enzyme Activities in Rhizosphere Soil of Different Resistant Oat Varieties under Saline Alkali Stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(1): 145-154. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195688.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2026/V41/I1/145

图/表 9

图1 盐碱胁迫下燕麦幼苗生长情况 Q-6 h、Q-12 h、Q-24 h、Q-48 h分别代表盐碱胁迫6,12,24,48 h后耐盐碱型燕麦秦琼幼苗;M-6 h、M-12 h、M-24 h、M-48 h分别代表盐碱胁迫6,12,24,48 h后敏感型燕麦梦龙幼苗。

Fig.1 Growth of oat seedlings under salt-alkali stress Q-6 h,Q-12 h,Q-24 h,Q-48 h represent Qinqiong seedlings after saline-alkali stress for 6,12,24,and 48 h;M-6 h,M-12 h,M-24 h,M-48 h represent Magnum seedlings after saline-alkali stress for 6,12,24,and 48 h.

图2 燕麦根际土壤细菌群落稀释曲线

Fig.2 Rarefaction curves of soil bacterial communities in the oat rhizosphere

图3 燕麦根际土壤细菌群落OTUs聚类分析

Fig.3 OTUs clustering of soil bacterial communities in the oat rhizosphere

表1 耐盐碱型燕麦秦琼根际土壤细菌群落的Alpha多样性指数

Tab.1 Alpha diversity index of bacterial community in Qinqiong rhizosphere soil

指标Index	Q-CK	Q-6 h	Q-12 h	Q-24 h	Q-48 h
Shannon指数Shannon index	1.820 0±0.07a	1.750 0±0.04ab	1.620 0±0.09b	1.710 0±0.08ab	1.720 0±0.08ab
Simpson指数Simpson index	0.240 0±0.02b	0.250 0±0.01b	0.300 0±0.03a	0.270 0±0.02ab	0.260 0±0.02ab
Ace指数 Ace index	35.000 0±1.78a	34.140 0±1.02a	32.590 0±0.45a	33.390 0±1.63a	35.400 0±2.38a
Chao指数 Chao index	35.170 0±2.57a	33.830 0±0.76a	32.500 0±0.87a	32.420 0±1.28a	34.940 0±2.20a
覆盖率 Coverage rate	0.999 9±0.000 07a	0.999 9±0.000 02a	0.999 9±0.000 03a	0.999 9±0.000 03a	0.999 9±0.000 05a

表2 敏感型燕麦梦龙根际土壤细菌群落的Alpha多样性指数

Tab.2 Alpha diversity index of bacterial community in Magnum rhizosphere soil

指标Index	M-CK	M-6 h	M-12 h	M-24 h	M-48 h
Shannon指数Shannon index	6.330±0.08b	6.550±0.02a	6.530±0.05a	6.570±0.07a	6.590±0.04a
Simpson指数Simpson index	0.006±0.000 6a	0.005±0.000 5b	0.004±0.000 2bc	0.004±0.000 2bc	0.004±0.000 2c
Ace指数 Ace index	3 726.500±110.36a	3 881.300±222.05a	3 869.500±367.12a	4 128.800±221.40a	4 084.200±92.65a
Chao指数 Chao index	3 667.700±141.48a	3 812.400±196.28a	3 812.400±196.28a	4 043.300±254.04a	4 034.100±102.38a
覆盖率 Coverage rate	0.979±0.002a	0.975±0.008a	0.974±0.007a	0.978±0.002a	0.979±0.002a

图4 燕麦根际土壤细菌群落的Beta多样性分析 A.耐盐碱型燕麦秦琼根际土壤微生物群落PCA分析;B.敏感型燕麦梦龙根际土壤微生物群落PCA分析;C.耐盐碱型燕麦秦琼根际土壤微生物群落ANOSIM分析;D.敏感型燕麦梦龙根际土壤微生物群落ANOSIM分析。

Fig.4 Beta diversity of bacterial community in oats rhizosphere soil A.Principal component analysis of soil microbial community in Qinqiong;B.Principal component analysis of soil microbial community in Magnum;C.Analysis of similarities of soil microbial community in Qinqiong;D.Analysis of similarities of soil microbial community in Magnum.

图5 根际土壤微生物群落相对丰度分布 A、C.耐盐碱型燕麦在门、属水平下的土壤细菌群落;B、D.敏感型燕麦在门、属水平下的土壤细菌群落。

Fig.5 Relative abundance distribution of rhizosphere soil microbial community A,C.Soil bacterial communities of salt-tolerant oats at phylum,genus level;B,D.Soil bacterial communities of sensitive oats at phylum,genus level.

图6 燕麦根际土壤酶活差异检验不同小写字母差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.6 Enzyme activity differences in oat rhizosphere soil Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference(P<0.05).

图7 燕麦根际土壤微生物群落多样性与土壤酶活联合分析 A.耐盐碱型燕麦秦琼根际细菌多样性和酶活Mantel test分析;B.敏感型燕麦梦龙根际细菌多样性和酶活Mantel test分析。

Fig.7 Analysis of the diversity of soil microbial communities and soil enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of oats A.Mantel test analysis of Qinqiong rhizosphere bacterial diversity and enzyme activity;B.Mantel test analysis of Magnum rhizosphere bacterial diversity and enzyme activity.

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