增设秸秆隔层对盐碱地土壤呼吸及有机碳结构稳定性的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195759

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究秸秆隔层对盐碱地改良过程中土壤呼吸及有机碳化学结构稳定性的影响,于山东省东营市农高区盐碱地改良试验示范基地设置隔层处理S(35 cm土层处增设5 cm秸秆隔层)和对照处理CK(不设秸秆隔层)2组试验种植苜蓿。通过监测不同处理的土壤呼吸特征,并结合剖面土层土壤pH值、电导率(EC)、有机碳组分含量和化学结构特征进行综合讨论。结果表明:与CK相比,S处理显著提高了苜蓿生长期的土壤呼吸速率,增幅最高可达79.84%;S处理较CK降低了秸秆隔层(35~40 cm)及其上部(0~35 cm)土层的EC,阻导盐分上行;S处理使40~50 cm土层土壤有机碳(SOC)显著增加、颗粒有机碳(POC)和可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量极显著提升,较CK分别提升了16.67%,208.07%,83.41%。40~50 cm土层是土壤有机碳转化的关键土层,对40~50 cm土层土壤有机碳分子结构进行表征发现,S处理较CK降低了DOC中碳的不饱和度(30.60%)和芳香度(4.84%)的加权平均值,降低了DOC中不稳定态碳的占比;S处理增加了POC中烷基碳(10.32百分点)和烷氧碳(8.39百分点)的相对含量,降低了羧基碳(14.24百分点)的相对含量,使POC结构稳定性增强;然而,S处理降低了SOC的烷基碳(3.14百分点)和芳香碳(3.38百分点)占比,增加了烷氧碳(5.17百分点)和羧基碳(1.56百分点)占比,难降解碳比例下降和易降解碳比例上升,使SOC的结构稳定性降低。由相关性分析可知,土壤呼吸的显著增加与关键土层POC和SOC含量分别呈极显著和显著正相关关系,而SOC化学组成中的烷氧碳(易降解碳组分)的增加,使有机碳稳定性降低,是导致土壤呼吸升高的主要原因。综上,增设秸秆隔层在短期内显著提高了土壤呼吸,这与关键土层有机碳化学结构稳定性的降低密切相关,在未来“碳中和”策略下应考虑隔层材料的筛选研究及其长期效应。

关键词: 盐碱地改良, 秸秆隔层, 土壤呼吸, 有机碳组分, 有机碳结构

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of straw interlayer on soil respiration and the chemical structural stability of organic carbon components during the remediation of saline-alkali soil,two experimental treatments were set up in the alfalfa-planting farmland at the Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement Experimental Demonstration Base in the Agricultural High-Tech Zone of Dongying City,Shandong Province:a straw interlayer treatment (S,with a 5 cm thick straw layer buried at a 35 cm depth) and a control (CK,without an interlayer). Soil respiration characteristics of the different treatments were analyzed,and comprehensive discussions were conducted in conjunction with soil pH,electrical conductivity(EC),organic carbon component content,and chemical structure characteristics of the soil profile.The results showed that:compared with CK,the S treatment significantly increased the soil respiration rate during the alfalfa growth period, with a maximum increase of 79.84%. Furthermore, the S treatment reduced soil EC in the straw interlayer (35—40 cm) and the overlying soil layer (0—35 cm), effectively inhibiting the upward migration of salt. The 40—50 cm soil layer was identified as a critical zone for organic carbon transformation. In this layer, the S treatment significantly increased SOC content (by 16.67%) and highly significantly elevated particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents (by 208.07% and 83.41%, respectively) compared with CK. Characterization of the molecular structure of organic carbon in the 40—50 cm layer revealed distinct responses. For DOC, the S treatment reduced the magnitude-weighted averages of unsaturation (by 30.60%) and aromaticity index (by 4.84%) compared with CK, decreasing the proportion of unstable carbon. For POC, the S treatment increased the relative abundances of alkyl C(10.32 percentage points)and O-alkyl C (8.39 percentage points) while reducing carboxyl C (14.24 percentage points), thereby enhancing POC structural stability. However, for bulk SOC, the S treatment decreased the proportions of alkyl C(3.14 percentage points) and aromatic C(3.38 percentage points) while increasing O-alkyl C(5.17 percentage points)and carboxyl C(1.56 percentage points). This shift indicated a decrease in recalcitrant carbon and an increase in labile carbon, resulting in reduced SOC structural stability. Correlation analysis showed that the significant increased in soil respiration was highly significantly and significantly positively correlated with POC and SOC contents in the critical soil layer, respectively. Specifically, the accumulation of O-alkyl C(a labile component) in the chemical structure of SOC reduced the stability of organic carbon,which was the main reason for the increase in soil respiration.In conclusion,incorporating a straw interlayer significantly increased soil respiration in the short term,which was closely related to the reduction in the stability of the organic carbon chemical structure in the key soil layer.Under future "carbon neutrality" strategies,research on the selection of interlayer materials should be considered.

Key words: Saline-alkali soil improvement, Straw interlayer, Soil respiration, Organic carbon components, Organic carbon structure

中图分类号:

S156.42

苏文燕, 丛萍, 肖鑫, 况帅, 徐艳丽, 王萍, 张宏媛, 董建新. 增设秸秆隔层对盐碱地土壤呼吸及有机碳结构稳定性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2026, 41(1): 134-144. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195759.

SU Wenyan, CONG Ping, XIAO Xin, KUANG Shuai, XU Yanli, WANG Ping, ZHANG Hongyuan, DONG Jianxin. Effects of Adding Straw Interlayer Increases on Soil Respiration and Organic Carbon Structural Stability in Saline-Alkali Land[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(1): 134-144. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195759.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2026/V41/I1/134

图/表 16

图1 2022年东营市月平均降水和月平均气温

Fig.1 Monthly average precipitation and monthly average temperature in Dongying City in 2022

表1 ¹³C-NMR的碳化学位移归属

Tab.1 Carbon chemical shift assignment of ¹³C-NMR

序号 Number	化学位移 Chemical shift	有机物官能团 Functional groups of organic matter
1	0~45		烷基碳
2	45~60	甲氧基/含氮烷基碳	烷氧碳
3	60~90	碳水化合物类碳
4	90~110	双氧烷基碳
5	110~140	碳取代芳基碳	芳香碳
6	140~160	氧取代芳基碳
7	160~220		羧基碳

表2 不同土层土壤pH值及土壤电导率数值

Tab.2 Values of soil pH and electrical conductivity in different soil layers

处理 Treatment	土层/cm Soil layer	土壤pH值 Soil pH value	土壤电导率/(mS/m) Soil electric conductivity
CK	0~10	8.66±0.01a	168.23±9.39a
	10~20	8.63±0.02a	197.60±5.57a
	20~30	8.71±0.01a	228.83±11.73a
	30~40	8.67±0.01a	241.00±11.27a
	40~50	8.70±0.01a	234.87±11.31b
	50~60	8.61±0.02a	293.33±12.66a
	60~80	8.53±0.02a	387.67±11.72b
S	0~10	8.58±0.02a	145.50±11.32a
	10~20	8.68±0.01a	174.70±19.97a
	20~30	8.56±0.02a	187.87±24.76a
	30~40	8.70±0.03a	219.67±20.60a
	40~50	8.55±0.03a	306.00±14.80a
	50~60	8.58±0.01a	312.43±4.05a
	60~80	8.40±0.04a	477.80±8.27a

图2 不同土层土壤pH值及土壤电导率差值

Fig.2 Difference in soil pH and soil electrical conductivity in different soil layers

图3 增设秸秆隔层对土壤呼吸速率均值(A)和土壤日均呼吸速率(B)的影响不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.3 The effect of adding a straw interlayer on the mean soil respiration rate(A)and the daily mean soil respiration rate(B) Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments(P<0.05).

图4 秸秆隔层对同层SOC、POC和DOC的影响

Fig.4 Effects of straw interlayer on soil organic carbon,particulate organic carbon and soluble organic carbon in the same layer

图5 不同处理土壤可溶性有机碳各种有机组分的范式图

Fig.5 The van Krevelen diagrams of various organic components in dissolved organic carbon under different treatments

表3 不同处理土壤可溶性有机碳各种有机组分相对丰度

Tab.3 Relative abundances of various organic components in dissolved organic carbon under different treatments

处理 Treatment	脂类 Lipids	蛋白质类 Proteins	糖类 Carbohydrates	不饱和烃类 Unsaturated hydrocarbons	木质素类 Lignins	丹宁类 Tannins	稠环芳香结构 Condensed aromatics
CK	4.16	8.16	1.30	1.25	49.80	17.83	17.50
S	3.01	7.42	1.46	1.41	47.73	21.03	17.95

表4 不同处理土壤可溶性有机碳的加权平均值(w)

Tab.4 Magnitude-weighted(indicated by w as a subscript)averaged characteristics of the dissolved organic carbon under different treatments

处理 Treatment	MW_W	C_W	H_W	O_W	N_W	O/C_W	H/C_W	DBE_W	AI_W
CK	577.14	28.13	12.37	29.43	0.60	0.49	1.05	14.71	0.37
S	423.95	19.81	9.66	21.60	0.40	0.53	1.09	10.21	0.35

图6 不同处理关键土层土壤颗粒有机碳的¹³C-NMR谱图

Fig.6 ¹³C-NMR spectrum of soil particulate organic carbon in critical soil layers under different treatments

表5 关键土层土壤颗粒有机碳官能团的相对含量

Tab.5 Relative contents of functional groups of soil particulate organic carbon in critical soil layers%

处理 Treatment	烷基碳 Alkyl C (0~45)	烷氧碳 O-alkyl C				芳香碳 Aromatic C			羧基碳 Carboxylic C (160~220)
处理 Treatment	烷基碳 Alkyl C (0~45)	甲氧基/含氮烷基碳 Methoxyl/N-alkyl C (45~60)	碳水化合物类碳 Carbohydrate C (60~90)	双氧烷基碳 Di-O-alkyl C (90~110)	合计 Total	碳取代芳基碳 C substituted aryl C (110~140)	氧取代芳基碳 O substituted aryl C (140~160)	合计 Total	羧基碳 Carboxylic C (160~220)
CK	19.92±0.28b	6.37±0.31a	22.12±0.91a	7.38±1.10b	35.87±1.70a	18.71±1.33a	10.34±2.25a	29.05±3.58a	15.15±1.61a
S	30.24±1.19a	5.43±0.39b	27.01±4.69a	11.82±1.37a	44.26±5.67a	17.20±0.84a	7.54±0.31a	24.74±1.14a	0.91±0.04b

表6 关键土层土壤颗粒有机碳组分稳定性指标

Tab.6 Stability indexes of soil particulate organic carbon components in critical soil layers

处理 Treatment	易降解碳/% Labile organic carbon	难降解碳/% Recalcitrant organic carbon	疏水性指数 Hydrophobicity index	芳香度/% Aromaticity
CK	29.50±2.01a	48.97±3.30b	1.40±0.17b	34.19±3.57a
S	38.83±6.06a	54.99±0.04a	1.77±0.07a	25.03±2.59b

图7 不同处理关键土层土壤有机碳的¹³C-NMR谱图

Fig.7 ¹³C-NMR spectrum of soil organic carbon in critical soil layers under different treatments

表7 关键土层土壤有机碳官能团的相对含量

Tab.7 Relative contents of functional groups of soil organic carbon in critical soil layers%

处理 Treatment	烷基碳 Alkyl C (0~45)	烷氧碳 O-alkyl C				芳香碳 Aromatic C			羧基碳 Carboxylic C (160~220)
处理 Treatment	烷基碳 Alkyl C (0~45)	甲氧基/含氮烷基碳 Methoxyl/N-alkyl C (45~60)	碳水化合物类碳 Carbohydrate C (60~90)	双氧烷基碳 Di-O-alkyl C (90~110)	合计 Total	碳取代芳基碳 C substituted aryl C (110~140)	氧取代芳基碳 O substituted aryl C (140~160)	合计 Total	羧基碳 Carboxylic C (160~220)
CK	15.77±0.02a	6.47±1.09a	21.93±1.45b	7.73±0.30a	36.12±0.06b	30.91±1.21a	7.89±1.09a	38.80±2.30a	9.31±0.46a
S	12.63±0.94b	6.00±0.82a	28.92±0.24a	6.37±1.61a	41.29±0.55a	27.45±0.53b	7.97±0.97a	35.42±1.50a	10.87±1.06a

表8 关键土层土壤有机碳组分稳定性指标

Tab.8 Stability indexes of soil organic carbon components in critical soil layers

处理 Treatment	易降解碳含量/% Labile organic carbon content	难降解碳含量/% Recalcitrant organic carbon content	疏水性指数 Hydrophobicity index	芳香度/% Aromaticity
CK	29.65±1.15b	54.57±2.28a	2.18±0.05a	42.76±1.49a
S	35.29±1.36a	48.05±2.44b	2.05±0.07a	39.64±0.35b

图8 关键土层土壤各指标与土壤呼吸的相关性分析(A)及结构方程模型(B) ^*.0.05水平相关性显著;^**.0.01水平相关性极显著;^***.0.001水平相关性极显著;绿色箭头.正向影响;红色箭头.负向影响;实线.显著效应;虚线.不显著效应。

Fig.8 Correlation analysis(A)and structural equation modeling(B) of various indicators of critical soil layers and soil respiration ^*.The correlation is significant at 0.05 level;^**.The correlation is highly significant at 0.01 level;^***.The correlation is extremely significant at 0.001 level;The green arrows.Positive effects;The red arrows.Negative effects;Solid lines.Significant effects;Dashed lines.Insignificant effects.

参考文献 51

[1]	Amundson R, Berhe A A, Hopmans J W, Olson C, Sztein A E, Sparks D L. Soil science.Soil and human security in the 21st century[J]. Science, 2015, 348(6235):1261071.doi:10.1126/science.1261071. URL
[2]	赵亚丽, 薛志伟, 郭海斌, 穆心愿, 李潮海. 耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤呼吸的影响及机理[J]. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(19):155-165.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.19.019.
	Zhao Y L, Xue Z W, Guo H B, Mu X Y, Li C H. Effects of tillage and crop residue management on soil respiration and its mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(19):155-165.
[3]	Hu M, Qu Z Y, Li Y, Xiong Y W, Huang G H. Contrasting effects of different straw return modes on net ecosystem carbon budget and carbon footprint in saline-alkali arid farmland[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2024, 239:106031.doi:10.1016/j.still.2024.106031. URL
[4]	黄明逸, 张展羽, 翟亚明, 王策, 齐伟, 朱成立. 咸淡交替灌溉下生物炭对滨海盐渍土及玉米产量的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2020, 36(21):88-96.doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.21.011.
	Huang M Y, Zhang Z Y, Zhai Y M, Wang C, Qi W, Zhu C L. Effects of biochar on coastal saline soil and maize yield under alternate irrigation with brackish and freshwater[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36(21):88-96.
[5]	高放, 洪煜, 孙燕, 宓文海, 陈硕桐. 秸秆还田对盐碱地土壤有机碳库及其组分影响的研究进展[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(S1):143-149.doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194783.
	Gao F, Hong Y, Sun Y, Mi W H, Chen S T. Research progress on the effect of straw returning to field on soil organic carbon pool and its components in saline-alkali soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(S1):143-149.
[6]	徐阳春, 韦中. 秸秆还田实用技术[M]. 南京: 江苏科学技术出版社, 2014:18-19.
	Xu Y C, Wei Z. Practical techniques for returning straw to the field[M]. Nanjing: Phoenix Science Press Ltd, 2014:18-19.
[7]	郑永照, 岳杨, 董本春, 李岩, 马艺文, 孟令斌, 康恒. 玉米秸秆还田技术及其对农田土壤效应研究进展[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2018(2):44-46.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6400.2018.02.016.
	Zheng Y Z, Yue Y, Dong B C, Li Y, Ma Y W, Meng L B, Kang H. Research progress on corn stalk returning technology and its effect on farmland soil[J]. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018(2):44-46.
[8]	李磊, 李晓慧, 剡龙强, 朱志明, 樊丽琴, 纪立东. 玉米秸秆还田对盐碱地土壤碳平衡和真菌群落多样性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2023, 42(11): 2507-2518.doi:10.11654/jaes.2023-0114.
	Li L, Li X H, Yan L Q, Zhu Z M, Fan L Q, Ji L D. Analysis of soil carbon balance and fungal community diversity in saline-alkali soil under chopped straw returning[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2023, 42(11):2507-2518.
[9]	张宏媛. 秸秆隔层对河套灌区盐碱地深层有机碳固持特征及其稳定性的影响机制研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2022.doi:10.27630/d.cnki.gznky.2022.000927.
	Zhang H Y. Study on the influence mechanism of straw interlayer on deep soil organic carbon sequestration and its stability in saline soil of Hetao irrigation distinct[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2022.
[10]	冯玉倩, 米俊珍, 赵宝平, 徐忠山, 陈晓晶, 李英浩, 张碧茹, 刘景辉. 秸秆配施微生物菌肥对盐碱地土壤及作物盐分含量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2023, 38(6):101-107.doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193788.
	Feng Y Q, Mi J Z, Zhao B P, Xu Z S, Chen X J, Li Y H, Zhang B R, Liu J H. Effect of straw combined with microbial fertilizer on salt content of soil and crops in saline alkali land[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(6):101-107. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193788
[11]	何京, 董建新, 丛萍, 宋文静, 马晓刚, 管恩森, 王大海. 玉米秸秆碳形态对植烟土壤有机碳及土壤综合肥力的快速提升效应[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(2):132-141.doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192561.
	He J, Dong J X, Cong P, Song W J, Ma X G, Guan E S, Wang D H. Rapid improvement of maize straw carbon form on soil organic carbon and comprehensive fertility in tobacco planting soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(2):132-141. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192561
[12]	王梦雅, 符云鹏, 黄婷婷, 赵亚鹏, 贾辉, 何甜甜, 王静, 赵晓军. 等碳量添加不同有机物料对土壤有机碳组分及土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 中国烟草学报, 2018, 24(2):65-73.doi:10.16472/j.chinatobacco.2017.331.
	Wang M Y, Fu Y P, Huang T T, Zhao Y P, Jia H, He T T, Wang J, Zhao X J. Effects of organic material application on organic carbon in and respiration of soil[J]. Acta Tabacaria Sinica, 2018, 24(2):65-73.
[13]	黄达, 陈盛, 王振昌, 陈朱叶, 赵虎, 郭相平. 浅埋秸秆隔层对滨海盐土水盐运移及番茄生长的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2023, 42(3):48-56.doi:10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022377.
	Huang D, Chen S, Wang Z C, Chen Z Y, Zhao H, Guo X P. Ameliorating salt accumulation and enhancing tomato growth by shallow-burying a crop straw layer in coastal saline soil[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2023, 42(3):48-56.
[14]	霍宏鑫, 杨劲松, 姚荣江, 谢文萍, 王相平, 张璐. 复合隔层对河套灌区盐碱土水盐运移的影响[J]. 土壤, 2024, 56(1):90-96.doi:10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2024.01.012.
	Huo H X, Yang J S, Yao R J, Xie W P, Wang X P, Zhang L. Effect of composite interlayer on soil water-salt transport in Hetao irrigation district[J]. Soils, 2024, 56(1):90-96.
[15]	孙瑞丰, 韩广轩. 模拟增温对土壤有机碳含量、组分和化学结构的影响: 进展与展望[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9):2432-2444.doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.010.
	Sun R F, Han G X. Effects of simulated warming on content,fractions and chemical structure of soil organic carbon:progress and prospects[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(9):2432-2444.
[16]	朱张羽, 方华军, 沈菊培, 韩丽丽, 宋晓桐, 刘四义, 张丽梅. 东北典型黑土区土壤有机碳结构特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态学报, 2024, 44(21):9815-9825.doi:10.20103/j.stxb.202403080473.
	Zhu Z Y, Fang H J, Shen J P, Han L L, Song X T, Liu S Y, Zhang L M. Characteristics of soil organic carbon structure in the black soil region in Northeast China and its influencing factors[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2024, 44(21):9815-9825.
[17]	张月鲜. 外源有机物料输入对盐渍化农田温室气体排放和碳固持的影响机制研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2022.doi:10.27229/d.cnki.gnmnu.2022.001244.
	Zhang Y X. Research on the influence mechanism of exogenous organic materials input on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration in saline-alkali farmland[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2022.
[18]	常汉达, 王晶, 张凤华. 基于傅里叶红外光谱弃耕地开垦前后土壤有机质结构变化分析[J]. 土壤通报, 2019, 50(2):333-340.doi:10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2019.02.12.
	Chang H D, Wang J, Zhang F H. Change in soil organic matter structure before and after reclamation for abandoned farmland based on Fourier transform infrared spectrometer[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2019, 50(2):333-340.
[19]	赵晨云, 王家琪, 赵志平, 高桐梅, 彭廷, 张静, 赵亚帆, 赵全志. 土壤水分含量对旱稻根系和土壤呼吸速率的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2024, 30(3):26-31.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2024.03.004.
	Zhao C Y, Wang J Q, Zhao Z P, Gao T M, Peng T, Zhang J, Zhao Y F, Zhao Q Z. Effects of soil moisture on soil respiration and root article number in upland rice[J]. China Rice, 2024, 30(3):26-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2024.03.004
[20]	Cambardella C A, Elliott E T. Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1992, 56(3):777-783.doi:10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600030017x. URL
[21]	王鹏. 多年施用有机和无机肥对植烟土壤碳组分及微生物群落的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2021.doi:10.27630/d.cnki.gznky.2021.000781.
	Wang P. Effects of multi-year application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on carbon composition and microbial community in tobacco growing soil[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021.
[22]	Koch B P, Dittmar T. From mass to structure: an aromaticity index for high-resolution mass data of natural organic matter[J]. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2006, 20(5): 926-932. doi:10.1002/rcm.2386. URL
[23]	孙慧敏, 姜姜, 崔莉娜, 张水锋, 张金池. 互花米草入侵对漳江口红树林湿地土壤有机碳官能团特征的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(7): 774-784. doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0104.
	Sun H M, Jiang J, Cui L N, Zhang S F, Zhang J C. Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on soil organic carbon composition of mangrove wetland in Zhangjiang River Estuary[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2018, 42(7): 774-784. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0104 URL
[24]	何京. 玉米秸秆形态对植烟土壤有机碳组成及肥力特征的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2022.
	He J. The improvement of treatment methods of corn stalks on organic carbon and fertility quality in tobacco planting soil aggregates[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2022.
[25]	李金, 任立军, 李晓宇, 毕润学, 金鑫鑫, 虞娜, 张玉玲, 邹洪涛, 张玉龙. 不同秸秆还田方式对玉米农田土壤CO₂排放量和碳平衡的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(14):2738-2750.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.14.009.
	Li J, Ren L J, Li X Y, Bi R X, Jin X X, Yu N, Zhang Y L, Zou H T, Zhang Y L. Effects of different straw returning patterns on soil CO₂ emission and carbon balance in maize field[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(14):2738-2750. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.14.009
[26]	Hu Z H, Cui H L, Chen S T, Shen S H, Li H M, Yang Y P, Li C Z. Soil respiration and N₂O flux response to UV-B radiation and straw incorporation in a soybean winter wheat rotation system[J]. Water,Air,& Soil Pollution, 2012, 224(1):1394.doi:10.1007/s11270-012-1394-z.
[27]	霍龙, 逄焕成, 卢闯, 赵永敢, 李玉义. 地膜覆盖结合秸秆深埋条件下盐渍土壤呼吸及其影响因素[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(5):1209-1216.doi:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0514.
	Huo L, Pang H C, Lu C, Zhao Y G, Li Y Y. Effect of plastic mulching along with deep burial of straw on dynamics of salinized soil respiration and its affecting factors[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(5):1209-1216.
[28]	王丙文, 迟淑筠, 田慎重, 宁堂原, 韩惠芳, 赵红香, 李增嘉. 不同玉米秸秆还田方式对冬小麦田土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(5):1374-1380.doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.2013.0302.
	Wang B W, Chi S Y, Tian S Z, Ning T Y, Han H F, Zhao H X, Li Z J. Effects of different maize straw-returning modes on the soil respiration in a winter wheat field[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(5):1374-1380.
[29]	李炎, 许行, 吴小云, 张志强. 河岸杨树人工林土壤呼吸及其组分对不同降雨模式的响应[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2024, 46(7):9-17.doi:10.12171/j.1000-1522.20240027.
	Li Y, Xu H, Wu X Y, Zhang Z Q. Response of soil respiration and its components to different rainfall patterns in riparian poplar plantations[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2024, 46(7):9-17.
[30]	李晓宇, 李金, 毕润学, 金鑫鑫, 范庆锋, 邹洪涛. 玉米秸秆集中深还田对旱地土壤CO₂排放特征的影响[J]. 土壤, 2024, 56(5):1027-1033.doi:10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2024.05.013.
	Li X Y, Li J, Bi R X, Jin X X, Fan Q F, Zou H T. Effects of corn straw concentrated deep returning on soil CO₂ emission in dry land[J]. Soils, 2024, 56(5):1027-1033.
[31]	Huo L, Pang H C, Zhao Y G, Wang J, Lu C, Li Y Y. Buried straw layer plus plastic mulching improves soil organic carbon fractions in an arid saline soil from Northwest China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2017, 165:286-293.doi:10.1016/j.still.2016.09.006. URL
[32]	张彤勋, 皮小敏, 孙本华, 柳媛媛, 魏静, 高明霞, 冯浩. 秸秆与地膜覆盖对旱作土娄土碳氮组分的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2018, 27(8):1225-1233.doi:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2018.08.018.
	Zhang T X, Pi X M, Sun B H, Liu Y Y, Wei J, Gao M X, Feng H. Effects of straw and plastic film mulching on carbon and nitrogen components in Lou soil of dryland[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2018, 27(8):1225-1233.
[33]	谭立敏, 彭佩钦, 李科林, 李宝珍, 聂三安, 葛体达, 童成立, 吴金水. 水稻光合同化碳在土壤中的矿化和转化动态[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(1):233-239.doi:10.13227/j.hjkx.2014.01.034.
	Tan L M, Peng P Q, Li K L, Li B Z, Nie S A, Ge T D, Tong C L, Wu J S. Dynamics of the mineralization and transformation of rice photosynthesized carbon in paddy soils-a batch incubation experiment[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(1):233-239.
[34]	Bolan N S, Adriano D C, Kunhikrishnan A, et al. Dissolved organic matter: biogeochemistry, dynamics, and environmental significance in soils[M]. San Diego: Academic Press, 2011: 1-75.
[35]	吴浩然, 张志远, 贾琳娜, 辛佳. 农田土壤剖面溶解性有机碳分子转化特征[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2024, 54(12):90-100.doi:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20230228.
	Wu H R, Zhang Z Y, Jia L N, Xin J. Molecular transformation characteristics of dissolved organic carbon in farmland profile soil[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2024, 54(12):90-100.
[36]	李娜, 盛明, 尤孟阳, 韩晓增. 应用¹³C核磁共振技术研究土壤有机质化学结构进展[J]. 土壤学报, 2019, 56(4):796-812.doi:10.11766/trxb201805150160.
	Li N, Sheng M, You M Y, Han X Z. Advancement in research on application of ¹³C NMR techniques to exploration of chemical structure of soil organic matter[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2019, 56(4):796-812.
[37]	Mastrolonardo G, Rumpel C, Forte C, Doerr S H, Certini G. Abundance and composition of free and aggregate-occluded carbohydrates and lignin in two forest soils as affected by wildfires of different severity[J]. Geoderma, 2015, 245/246:40-51.doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.006. URL
[38]	彭新华, 张斌, 赵其国. 土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展[J]. 土壤学报, 2004, 41(4):618-623.doi:10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2004.04.019.
	Peng X H, Zhang B, Zhao Q G. A review on relationship between soil organic carbon pools and soil structure stability[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2004, 41(4):618-623.
[39]	Kögel-Knabner I, Zech W, Hatcher P G. Chemical composition of the organic matter in forest soils:the humus layer[J]. Zeitschrift Für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, 1988, 151(5):331-340.doi:10.1002/jpln.19881510512. URL
[40]	Zhao J, Ni T, Li J, Lu Q, Fang Z Y, Huang Q W, Zhang R F, Li R, Shen B, Shen Q R. Effects of organic inorganic compound fertilizer with reduced chemical fertilizer application on crop yields,soil biological activity and bacterial community structure in a rice-wheat cropping system[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2016, 99:1-12.doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.11.006. URL
[41]	张雯怡, 姜振辉, 潘丽霞, 周家树, 刘娟, 蔡延江, 李永夫. 玉米秸秆及其生物质炭输入对毛竹林土壤有机碳化学组分与碳降解功能基因的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(9):2383-2390.doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202309.018.
	Zhang W Y, Jiang Z H, Pan L X, Zhou J S, Liu J, Cai Y J, Li Y F. Effects of maize straw and its biochar application on soil organic carbon chemical composition and carbon degradation genes in a Moso bamboo forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(9):2383-2390. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202309.018
[42]	郝近羽, 陈源泉, 代红翠, 李超, 徐洁, 刘瑾, 隋鹏. 不同有机物料还田后砂质土壤有机碳组分结构特征[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(11):2201-2211.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.11.013.
	Hao J Y, Chen Y Q, Dai H C, Li C, Xu J, Liu J, Sui P. Characterization of soil organic carbon fractions under different organic materials amendment in sandy soil[J]. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2022, 30(11):2201-2211.
[43]	Wu Y P, Li Y F, Zheng C Y, Zhang Y F, Sun Z J. Organic amendment application influence soil organism abundance in saline alkali soil[J]. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2013, 54:32-40.doi:10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.10.006. URL
[44]	何瑞成, 吴景贵. 有机物料对原生盐碱地土壤生物学性质的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2018, 55(3):774-782.doi:10.11766/trxb201710220479.
	He R C, Wu J G. Effect of amendment of organic materials on soil biological property in primary saline alkali soil[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2018, 55(3):774-782.
[45]	刘东海, 乔艳, 李晓, 李双来, 张智, 李菲, 胡诚. 紫色土区不同秸秆还田量对土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2022(7):107-113.doi:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.21252.
	Liu D H, Qiao Y, Li X, Li S L, Zhang Z, Li F, Hu C. Effects of different amounts of straw returning on soil enzyme activity in purple soil[J]. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2022(7):107-113.
[46]	郝瑞军, 李忠佩, 车玉萍. 苏南水稻土有机碳矿化特征及其与活性有机碳组分的关系[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2010, 19(9):1069-1074.
	Hao R J, Li Z P, Che Y P. Characteristic of soil organic carbon mineralization and its relationship with active organic carbons in paddy soils of southern Jiangsu Province[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2010, 19(9):1069-1074.
[47]	Begum N, Guppy C, Herridge D, Schwenke G. Influence of source and quality of plant residues on emissions of N₂O and CO₂ from a fertile,acidic Black Vertisol[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2014, 50(3):499-506.doi:10.1007/s00374-013-0865-8. URL
[48]	陈香碧, 王嫒华, 胡乐宁, 黄媛, 李杨, 何寻阳, 苏以荣. 红壤丘陵区水田和旱地土壤可溶性有机碳矿化对水分的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(3):752-758.doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.2013.0024.
	Chen X B, Wang A H, Hu L N, Huang Y, Li Y, He X Y, Su Y R. Response of mineralization of dissolved organic carbon to soil moisture in paddy and upland soils in hilly red soil region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(3):752-758.
[49]	Liu C, Lu M, Cui J, Li B, Fang C M. Effects of straw carbon input on carbon dynamics in agricultural soils:a meta-analysis[J]. Global Change Biology, 2014, 20(5):1366-1381.doi:10.1111/gcb.12517. pmid: 24395454
[50]	Liu Y C, Wang H, Schindlbacher A, Liu S R, Yang Y J, Tian H M, Chen L, Ming A G, Wang J, Li J C, Tian Z W. Soil respiration related to the molecular composition of soil organic matter in subtropical and temperate forests under soil warming[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2025, 201:109661.doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109661. URL
[51]	李旭, 付鑫, 杨晓楠, 李敬宇, 翟英芳. 麦玉轮作长期秸秆还田下土壤呼吸及有机碳库对温度变化的响应[J]. 河北农业大学学报, 2024, 47(2):9-16.doi:10.13320/j.cnki.jauh.2024.0017.
	Li X, Fu X, Yang X N, Li J Y, Zhai Y F. Responses of soil respiration and soil organic carbon pools to temperature under long-term different straw returning amounts in wheat-maize rotation system[J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural University, 2024, 47(2):9-16.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容