夏填闲与生物炭协同对设施土壤碳氮调控效应影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196297

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决设施土壤碳氮平衡及减排问题,通过田间试验,研究了夏填闲甜玉米与生物炭协同对设施土壤氮吸收减排及碳减排的影响。试验设计4个处理,即对照(T1)、填闲作物(T2)、生物炭(T3)、填闲作物+生物炭(T4)。结果表明:T4处理的玉米干生物量和氮吸收量分别比T2处理提高10.18%和9.49%;T3、T4处理的表层土壤有机碳较试验前分别增加25.26%和50.01%,T4处理的表层全氮降低10.13%,C/N升至14.9;T4处理的60~80 cm与80~100 cm土层硝态氮较试验前分别下降13.02%与5.68%,降幅显著高于其他处理;T4处理的非根际微生物量碳、氮较T1分别增加26.00%和20.33%,根际增幅低于非根际;CO₂排放量以T4处理最低,为603.90 mg/m³,较T1降低24.61%。综上,填闲甜玉米与生物炭协同显著促进氮吸收,提高微生物量碳氮,减少碳氮淋失与排放,改善土壤C/N,为设施农田夏季休闲期碳氮管理提供理论依据支撑。

关键词: 填闲种植, 生物炭, 氮吸收, 碳氮减排

Abstract:

In order to the issues of carbon-nitrogen balance and emission reduction in greenhouse soil,a field experiment was carried out to explore the impacts of the combination of summer catch sweet corn and biochar on nitrogen absorption and carbon emission reduction in greenhouse soil.Four treatments were designed for this experiment:control(T1),catch crop(T2),biochar(T3),atch crop+iochar(T4).The research results showed that the dry biomass and nitrogen absorption of T4 corn were 10.18% and 9.49% higher than those of T2,respectively.The organic carbon in the surface soil of T3 and T4 increased by 25.26% and 50.01% compared to before the experiment,respectively.The total nitrogen in the surface layer of T4 decreased by 10.13%,and the C/N increased to 14.9.The nitrate nitrogen in the 60—80 cm and 80—100 cm soil layers of T4 decreased by 13.02% and 5.68% compared to before the experiment,with a significantly greater reduction than other treatments.The non-root microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen of T4 increased by 26.00% and 20.33% compared to the control,with the increase in the non-root area being lower than that in the non-root area.The average CO₂ emission of T4 was 603.90 mg/m³,which was 24.61% lower than that of the control.In summary,the combination of fallow sweet corn and biochar significantly promoted nitrogen absorption,increased microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,reduced carbon and nitrogen leaching and emissions,and improved soil C/N,providing theoretical basis support for carbon and nitrogen management in the summer fallow period of facility farmland.

Key words: Catch crop planting, Biochar, Nitrogen absorption, Carbon and nitrogen reduction

中图分类号:

翟凯宇, 卢树昌, 郭刘明, 陈清. 夏填闲与生物炭协同对设施土壤碳氮调控效应影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2026, 41(1): 155-162. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196297.

ZHAI Kaiyu, LU Shuchang, GUO Liuming, CHEN Qing. Effects of Summer Catch Crop and Biochar Synergy on Carbon and Nitrogen Regulation in Greenhouse Soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(1): 155-162. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196297.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2026/V41/I1/155

图/表 6

图1 CO₂气体收集静态箱构造

Fig.1 Structure of the static box for CO₂ gas collection

图2 填闲甜玉米与生物炭协同下玉米生物量与氮养分吸收量不同字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。图3-4同。

Fig.2 Corn biomass and nitrogen nutrient absorption under the synergy of catch sweet corn and biochar Different letters in the figure indicate significant differences between treatments(P<0.05).The same as Fig.3-4.

图3 不同处理土壤有机碳、全氮与微生物量碳氮

Fig.3 Soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen conditions under different soil treatments

表1 不同处理设施土壤C/N

Tab.1 The greenhouse soil C/N status under different treatments

处理 Treatment	试验前 Before the experiment	试验后 After the experiment
T1	7.69±0.75a	7.65±0.83b
T2	6.49±0.76b	6.30±1.40b
T3	9.01±0.75a	13.56±0.93a
T4	8.93±0.60a	14.90±0.68a

表2 不同处理土壤硝态氮数量与变化率

Tab.2 The quantity and change rate of soil nitrate nitrogen under different treatments

深度/cm Depth	T1		T2		T3		T4
深度/cm Depth	硝态氮数量/ (kg/hm²) Nitrate nitrogen quantity	变化率/% Change rate	硝态氮数量/ (kg/hm²) Nitrate nitrogen quantity	变化率/% Change rate	硝态氮数量/ (kg/hm²) Nitrate nitrogen quantity	变化率/% Change rate	硝态氮数量/ (kg/hm²) Nitrate nitrogen quantity	变化率/% Change rate
0~20	216.01±12.86b	-73.50	270.63±45.57a	-66.68	245.52±12.89a	-69.98	55.15±7.87c	-93.11
20~40	223.34±22.15b	-64.40	108.35±20.82d	-82.87	475.29±19.28a	-25.43	216.86±12.40c	-65.12
40~60	389.25±32.34b	-26.70	339.29±36.79c	-40.89	532.83±22.84a	-1.44	379.30±30.96b	-30.65
60~80	454.25±9.87b	-3.39	464.55±30.28b	-7.87	541.28±19.00a	14.36	407.98±55.81c	-13.02
80~100	440.38±19.96b	9.39	419.51±12.76c	0.30	497.01±28.55a	21.65	366.93±47.58d	-5.68

图4 10 d内不同处理碳排放量

Fig.4 Carbon emissions from different treatments within 10 days

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