生物炭和氮肥施用量对番茄生长和水氮利用效率的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751047

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究施用生物炭能否缓解因过量施氮对番茄生长可能造成的负面影响，进行了二因素（氮肥和生物炭）三水平完全随机区组盆栽试验。3个施氮量分别为100，200，400 mg/kg，3个施碳量分别为0，2.5，5.0 g/kg。通过对番茄茎、叶和果实干鲜质量、累积灌溉量、水氮利用效率的测定和分析，获得如下主要结果：与中低施氮量相比，高施氮量处理番茄茎叶干质量和累积灌溉量均显著降低，氮肥利用效率随施氮量的增加而显著降低；与不添加生物炭处理相比，添加生物炭显著提高了番茄叶和果实干质量、累积灌溉量和水氮利用效率。因此，适量施用生物炭，可有效减缓高氮对番茄生长的抑制作用。

关键词: 设施番茄, 生物炭, 氮肥施用量, 水氮利用效率

Abstract: To explore whether the biochar application could reduce the negative effect of excessive nitrogen fertilization on tomato growth, a pot experiment was carried out using randomized block design with two factors (application rates of nitrogen and biochar) under three levels. The application rates were 100, 200,400 mg/kg of nitrogen, and 0, 2.5, 5 g/kg of biochar, respectively. The dry weight and fresh weight of stems, leaves and fruits of tomato, the amount of irrigation water and the water-nitrogen use efficiency were measured and calculated. The results demonstrated that the dry weight of stems and leaves and the accumulated irrigation water amount decreased significantly in the treatment of high nitrogen rate, compared with the treatment of low nitrogen rate.The nitrogen use efficiency decreased significantly along with the increase of N application rate. Compared with the treatment without biochar application, the use of biochar significantly increased the dry matter of leaves and fruit, the accumulated irrigation water amount and the water-nitrogen use efficiency. It suggested that the application of biochar could reduce the negative effect of excessive N fertilization on tomato growth.

Key words: Greenhouse tomato, Biochar, Nitrogen fertilizer application rate, Water-nitrogen use efficiency

中图分类号:

S158.3

刘燕妮, 吕昊峰, 赵以铭, 林杉. 生物炭和氮肥施用量对番茄生长和水氮利用效率的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(2): 198-204. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751047.

LIU Yanni, LÜ Haofeng, ZHAO Yiming, LIN Shan. Effect of Biochar and Nitrogen Application Rate on Growth and Water-Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Tomato[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(2): 198-204. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751047.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/I2/198

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