不同光照时长对生殖生长期工业大麻生长及大麻素含量的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193311

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究不同光照时长对工业大麻生殖生长及主要次生代谢物积累的影响,以工业大麻品种龙6扦插雌株群体为试验材料,设定 8,10,12 h 3个光照射时长,对营养生长28 d的工业大麻进行处理,调查工业大麻株高增量、节数、有效分枝、叶面积及产量变化,检测CBD、THC、CBDA和CBDV 4类大麻素含量,研究分析开花期光照时长改变对工业大麻生长发育及大麻素积累的影响。结果发现,农艺性状中,工业大麻株高增长量、叶面积、节数和产量易受光照时长改变影响,且这4类指标与光照时长呈正相关,表现为12 h光照时长处理生长最快,而有效分枝数不易受光照时长改变的影响;大麻素含量调查结果显示,CBD、CBDV和THC 3类大麻素含量都易受光照时长改变影响,这3类大麻素在进行光照时长处理后变化趋势一致,含量不断上升,至收获期时含量最高,且这3类大麻素积累量也与光照时长呈正相关,仅有CBDA在进行光照时长处理后呈现下降趋势。结果显示,此次试验条件下12 h光照时长最适宜工业大麻生长,且CBD、CBDV和THC这3类大麻素积累量最高,证实了光环境中光照时长是影响工业大麻生长发育和药用品质的重要因素。

关键词: 工业大麻, 光照时长, 生殖生长期, 产量, 大麻素含量

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of different light duration on reproductive growth and accumulation of main secondary metabolites of C.sativa,using the female cutting population of cultivar Long 6 as experimental material,the plant height,pitch number,effective branching number,leaf area,yield as well as the contents of CBD,THC,CBDA and CBDV for 28 days were observed and recorded.The results showed a significant increase in plant height,leaf area,pitch number with respect light duration,and all these four indexes correlated positively with the light duration.CBD,CBDV and THC showed susceptibility to the change of light duration.The variation trend of these three cannabinoids was consistent after the light duration treatment,and which also consistently kept rising until harvest.In contrast,CBDA decreased after light duration processing.Among the different duration time used,12 h light duration was the most suitable for the growth of C.sativa having had the highest accumulation of CBD,CBDV and THC.This experiment confirmed duration of light as an important factor limiting growth and development of C.sativa and its medicinal quality.This has so far increased our understanding on the regulation of the light environment of C.sativa.

Key words: Cannabis sativa L., Light duration, Reproductive stage, Yield, Cannabinoid content

张静, 唐蜻, 邓灿辉, 程超华, 戴志刚, 陈小军, 粟建光, 许英. 不同光照时长对生殖生长期工业大麻生长及大麻素含量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(S1): 178-185. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193311.

ZHANG Jing, TANG Qing, DENG Canhui, CHENG Chaohua, DAI Zhigang, CHEN Xiaojun, SU Jianguang, XU Ying. Effects of Growth and Cannabinoid Content of Cannabis sativa L.During Reproductive Stage under Different Light Duration[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(S1): 178-185. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193311.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2022/V37/IS1/178

图/表 8

参考文献 37

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性状 Character	处理组 Treatment	0 d	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d
株高增长量/cm	8 h	-	25.64±2.18b	20.20±3.15c	4.49±2.31a	0.68±1.09a
Plant height increase	10 h	-	24.24±2.00b	25.90±4.15b	3.15±1.73a	1.43±0.66a
	12 h	-	33.13±3.75a	31.21±4.51a	4.50±2.71a	1.34±1.10a
节数/个	8 h	16.00±0.93a	19.88±0.64a	23.13±1.13b	24.75±1.04b	-
Pitch number	10 h	15.88±1.25a	19.00±1.60a	23.25±1.91b	26.00±1.93ab	-
	12 h	16.38±1.06a	19.88±1.25a	25.13±1.73a	27.25±1.75a	-
有效分枝数/个	8 h	7.63±1.30a	11.63±1.41a	12.50±1.07a	12.63±1.06a	-
Effective branching	10 h	7.63±1.19a	10.25±1.75a	11.63±2.00a	12.13±1.89a	-
number	12 h	7.50±1.31a	10.25±1.83a	12.13±1.73a	12.13±1.55a	-
叶面积/mm²	8 h	4 100.51±360.76a	3 425.54±418.02b	2 801.81±269.73b	2 337.39±456.54a	-
Leaf area	10 h	4 108.28±966.22a	3 367.48±401.62b	2 937.01±581.49ab	2 544.05±492.43a	-
	12 h	4 000.20±407.44a	4 087.25±550.86a	3 479.03±673.84a	2 302.44±310.83a	-

性状 Character	处理组 Treatment	0 d	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d
株高增长量/cm	8 h	-	25.64±2.18b	20.20±3.15c	4.49±2.31a	0.68±1.09a
Plant height increase	10 h	-	24.24±2.00b	25.90±4.15b	3.15±1.73a	1.43±0.66a
	12 h	-	33.13±3.75a	31.21±4.51a	4.50±2.71a	1.34±1.10a
节数/个	8 h	16.00±0.93a	19.88±0.64a	23.13±1.13b	24.75±1.04b	-
Pitch number	10 h	15.88±1.25a	19.00±1.60a	23.25±1.91b	26.00±1.93ab	-
	12 h	16.38±1.06a	19.88±1.25a	25.13±1.73a	27.25±1.75a	-
有效分枝数/个	8 h	7.63±1.30a	11.63±1.41a	12.50±1.07a	12.63±1.06a	-
Effective branching	10 h	7.63±1.19a	10.25±1.75a	11.63±2.00a	12.13±1.89a	-
number	12 h	7.50±1.31a	10.25±1.83a	12.13±1.73a	12.13±1.55a	-
叶面积/mm²	8 h	4 100.51±360.76a	3 425.54±418.02b	2 801.81±269.73b	2 337.39±456.54a	-
Leaf area	10 h	4 108.28±966.22a	3 367.48±401.62b	2 937.01±581.49ab	2 544.05±492.43a	-
	12 h	4 000.20±407.44a	4 087.25±550.86a	3 479.03±673.84a	2 302.44±310.83a	-

处理组 Treatment	鲜质量 Fresh weight	干质量 Dry weight
8 h	45.61±9.57c	8.74±1.70c
10 h	67.18±14.98b	13.34±2.54b
12 h	98.45±13.69a	20.85±3.75a

处理组 Treatment	鲜质量 Fresh weight	干质量 Dry weight
8 h	45.61±9.57c	8.74±1.70c
10 h	67.18±14.98b	13.34±2.54b
12 h	98.45±13.69a	20.85±3.75a

项目 Item	株高增长量 Plant height increase	叶面积 Leaf area	节数 Pitch number	有效分枝数 Effective branching number	鲜质量 Fresh weight	干质量 Dry weight
株高增长量 Plant height increase	1.000
叶面积 Leaf area	0.146	1.000
节数 Pitch number	0.508^*	0.017	1.000
有效分枝数 Effective branching number	-0.148	-0.425^*	0.484^*	1.000
鲜质量 Fresh weight	0.682^**	0.256	0.410^*	-0.159	1.000
干质量 Dry weight	0.756^**	0.111	0.538^**	0.121	0.737^**	1.000

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