基于嫁接评价不同大豆品种根系对籽粒产量的贡献

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191234

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用嫁接技术创造的试验平台评价不同大豆品种根系对地上部籽粒产量的贡献能力，并明确其与根系性状的关系，为大豆根系改良提供理论依据。采用22份辽宁省育成大豆品种作为砧木，分别与辽豆21接穗进行嫁接，分别在不同土壤水分条件下测定根系性状以及籽粒产量，并以辽豆21自身嫁接作为对照，将各嫁接植株的增产比定义为根系贡献值。结果表明，不同嫁接植株的籽粒产量存在极显著差异。正常供水条件下22份大豆品种的根系贡献值为-33.61%～26.77%，而水分胁迫下根系贡献值为-29.26%～62.80%。在正常供水下，大豆根系贡献值与根长、根系表面积、根系体积、根系组织密度的相关性不显著，但与根系干质量和根冠比呈极显著负相关。水分胁迫下，大豆根系贡献值与根长、根系表面积、根系体积、根系干质量、根冠比和根系组织密度呈极显著负相关。由此说明，能够以较少的干物质投入形成发达的根系的大豆种质资源对于大豆高产、抗旱育种具有重要的利用价值。

关键词: 大豆, 嫁接, 根系, 籽粒产量, 水分胁迫

Abstract: An experimental system created by grafting technology was used in this study to evaluate the contributions of different genotypic roots to grain yield, and clarify its relation to root traits, so as to provide a theoretical basis for root improvement in soybean. A total of 22 cultivars were used as rootstocks to graft with the same scion of Liaodou 21, respectively. The root traits and grain yield were measured under different soil water treatments, and then the self-grafted Liaodou 21 was used as check to calculate the ratio of yield change of each graft, which was defined as root contribution values. Results showed that significant difference in grain yield was found among grafts. The root contribution value of 22 soybean cultivars varied from -33.61% to 26.77% under well-watered condition, while varied from -29.26% to 62.80% under water stress condition. Under well-watered condition, the root contribution value had no significant relationships with root length, root surface area, root volume and root tissue density, but negatively correlated with root dry mass and root-shoot ratio. Under water stress, the root contribution value was negatively correlated with root length, root surface area, root volume, root dry weight, root-shoot ratio and root tissue density. The results suggested that the soybean germplasms which had developed rooting with a low investment on dry matter should have important utilization value for soybean breeding with high yield and drought resistance.

Key words: Glycine max, Grafting, Root, Grain yield, Water stress

中图分类号:

S324
S565.01

李盛有, 曹永强, 王昌陵, 张立军, 武丽石, 张丽, 陈艳秋, 王文斌, 宋书宏. 基于嫁接评价不同大豆品种根系对籽粒产量的贡献[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(S1): 161-166. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191234.

LI Shengyou, CAO Yongqiang, WANG Changling, ZHANG Lijun, WU Lishi, ZHANG Li, CHEN Yanqiu, WANG Wenbin, SONG Shuhong. Evaluation of Contribution of Different Genotypic Roots to Grain Yield in Soybean by a Grafting Experiment[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(S1): 161-166. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191234.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/IS1/161

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