高低结瘤对大豆根际相关微生物群落的调控作用

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195286

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究高低结瘤对大豆根际微生物群落结构和功能的影响。利用正常结瘤的野生型(WT)大豆Williams 82和以Williams 82为背景突变产生的高结瘤突变体HiN为材料,研究高低结瘤对大豆根际相关微生物菌群的影响。利用盆栽试验种植上述2种大豆材料,开花期比较2种大豆的长势,同时收集根际相关微生物进行高通量16S rDNA测序,比较高低结瘤大豆根际微生物群落的差异。结果表明,高结瘤大豆(HiN)的株高、地上部鲜质量和根瘤数量极显著高于WT,分别提高41.22%,37.46%和119.23%。进一步研究发现,HiN与WT根际微生物菌落结构和组成存在一定的差异。与WT相比,HiN大豆根际拟杆菌门的相对丰度增加。在属水平上,HiN较WT大豆根际根瘤菌属、慢生根瘤菌属、金黄杆菌属、微杆菌属和类诺卡氏菌属的相对丰度提高。LEfSe分析也表明,HiN大豆主要富集了放线菌门和拟杆菌门的微生物,而WT主要富集了属于厚壁菌门的细菌。利用带GUS标记的慢生根瘤菌进一步证明了高结瘤大豆具有较强的富集慢生根瘤菌的作用。综上,通过解析和比较高结瘤大豆和正常结瘤大豆根际的微生物组,表明大豆高低结瘤性状也可以调控大豆与根际微生物的相互作用。

关键词: 大豆, 根瘤, 根际土壤, 微生物群落

Abstract:

This study investigates the influence of high and low nodule density on the composition and functionality of the soybean rhizosphere microbiome.The study used the wild-type soybean Williams 82 and a high-nodulation mutant(HiN)derived from this line to assess the impact of nodule variation on associated microbial populations.A controlled pot experiment was conducted,comparing the growth of both genotypes at the flowering stage,followed by the collection and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA from the rhizosphere microbes.The high-nodulation mutant exhibited significant increases in plant height,aboveground biomass,and nodule count,with respective enhancements of 41.22%,37.46%,and 119.23% over the wild type.Comparative analyses revealed distinct differences in microbial community structure and composition between HiN and WT,with an elevated relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the HiN rhizosphere.At the genus level,several key genera,including Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium,Bradyrhizobium,Chryseobacterium,Microbacterium,and Nocardioides,were more abundant in HiN.LEfSe analysis highlighted the enrichment of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in HiN,contrasting with the predominance of Firmicutes in WT.GUS-labeled Bradyrhizobium further substantiated the enhanced capacity of HiN to enrich Bradyrhizobium.Collectively,these findings elucidate the regulatory role of nodule number on the symbiotic interactions within the soybean rhizosphere microbiome.

Key words: Soybean, Root nodule, Rhizosphere soil, Microbial community

徐天驰, 陈松鹤, 王存虎, 钟永嘉. 高低结瘤对大豆根际相关微生物群落的调控作用[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(6): 193-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195286.

XU Tianchi, CHEN Songhe, WANG Cunhu, ZHONG Yongjia. The Modulating Influence of Soybeans with High and Low Nodule Density on Their Rhizosphere Microbiota[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(6): 193-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195286.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2024/V39/I6/193

图/表 6

图1 高低结瘤表型大豆的盆栽结果与表型数据统计 A.高结瘤大豆、正常结瘤大豆室内盆栽30 d的照片,Bar=10 cm,下方为根系结瘤照片,截取主根长度为5 cm。结果具有6个独立试验的代表性。图柱上不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。

Fig.1 Potted results and phenotypic data analysis of soybeans with high and low nodulation phenotypes A.Photographs of the high-nodulation(HiN)and the wide type(WT)soybean varieties after a 30-day indoor pot cultivation period,with a 10 cm scale bar for reference.The lower section of the images highlights the nodulation on the root system,focusing on a 5 cm segment of the primary root.The results represent data from six independent replicate experiments.Different capital letters on the column indicate significant differences(P<0.01).

图2 大豆根际相关微生物群落的多样性指数分析使用Kruskal-Wallis检验进行差异检验(P<0.05),图中相同小写字母表示处理间无显著差异。

Fig.2 Diversity index analysis of soybean rhizosphere-associated microbial communities The differences were tested using the Kruskal-Wallis test(P<0.05),and the same lowercase letters in the figure indicate no significant difference between treatments.

图3 不同结瘤的大豆根际相关的微生物群落结构分析 A.WT和HiN根际区域组间细菌群落结构的NMDS分析;B.WT和HiN根际区域组间细菌群落结构的ANOSIM检验箱线图。基于WT和HiN的Bray-Curtis距离矩阵进行ANOSIM分析,以计算高结瘤和低结瘤基因型之间的差异。置换检验,置换个数为999。ANOSIM.相似性分析。

Fig.3 Analysis and comparison of microbial community structure in soybean rhizosphere associated with different nodulation traits A.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis;B.ANOSIM boxplot of the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of wild type(WT)and high nodulation(HiN)soybeans.ANOSIM was performed based on the Bray-Curtis distance matrix to calculate the differences between the high and low nodulation genotypes.Permutation tests were conducted with 999 permutations.ANOSIM.Analysis of similarity.

图4 WT和HiN根际微生物的群落组成差异 A.WT和HiN根际微生物在门水平下的群落组成差异;B.WT和HiN根际微生物在属水平下的群落组成差异。取相对丰度前10的展示。

Fig.4 Community composition differences of rhizosphere microbes in WT and HiN soybeans A.Differences in the community composition of rhizosphere microbes in wild type(WT)and high nodulation(HiN)soybeans at the phylum level;B.Differences in the community composition of rhizosphere microbes in WT and HiN soybeans at the genus level.Present the top 10 organisms based on their relative abundance.

图5 高低结瘤大豆根际土壤微生物的LDA分析 LDA得分以横条表示,LDA得分为>3的生物标记细菌;Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验,P<0.05。LDA.线性判别分析。

Fig.5 LDA analysis of rhizosphere soil microbes in high and low nodulating soybeans LDA scores are represented by horizontal bars,with biomarker bacteria scoring>3 indicated.Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test,P<0.05.LDA.Linear discriminant analysis.

图6 WT和HiN对BXYD3-GUS在大豆根部定殖的影响 A—C.WT根系GUS染色表型;D—F.HiN根系GUS染色表型。

Fig.6 Impact of WT and HiN on the colonization of BXYD3-GUS in soybean roots A—C.GUS staining phenotype of WT roots;D—F.GUS staining phenotype of HiN roots.

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