大豆症青主要危害因子对大豆产量及主要农艺性状的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了明确大豆症青对大豆产量的具体影响,针对导致大豆症青的主要危害因子,设置不同的处理,筛选鉴定65份大豆品种(系)的抗性,分析不同大豆症青危害因子对大豆产量及主要农艺性状的影响。结果表明,不同的大豆品种(系)对大豆症青危害因子的抗性程度具有差异,T2处理的症青敏感品种(系)数最少,有53份,占总数的81.54%;T4处理的症青敏感品种数最多,有58份,占总数的89.23%。T4和T5复合危害因子处理的平均症青率较对照增加的幅度(263.87%~281.57%)比单个危害因子的幅度大(117.82%~151.58%)。大豆症青不同危害因子的处理对大豆主要农艺性状的影响达到显著水平。与对照相比,7个主要农艺性状中,主茎节数的5个处理变化幅度均最小,平均降幅为7.71%,单株症青荚数的变化幅度均最大,平均增幅为83.52%;从损失率来看,3个产量相关性状中,百粒质量的5个处理与对照相比,其损失率均最小,平均损失率为8.70%,单株粒质量的5个处理损失率均最大,平均损失率为52.51%。综上,研究明确了大豆症青不同危害因子的处理对大豆产量及主要农艺性状的影响是显著的,其中对单株粒质量的影响最大。

关键词: 大豆, 症青, 产量, 危害因子, 农艺性状

Abstract:

To clarify the effects of soybean staygreen syndrome on the yield.Different treatments were set up for the main hazard factors that cause soybean staygreen syndrome disease,the resistance of 65 soybean varieties was screened and identified,and the synergistic effect of different hazard factors was analyzed. The results showed that the resistance of different soybean varieties to soybean hazard factors was different,and the number of T2 treated soybean staygreen syndrome sensitive varieties was the smallest,with 53,accounting for 81.54%. The number of soybean staygreen syndrome sensitive varieties of T4 was the largest,with 58,accounting for 89.23% of the total. Compared to the changing range of the control,the average rate of soybean staygreen syndrome with T4 and T5 composite hazard factors (263.87%—281.57%)was larger than that of individual hazard factors (117.82%—151.58%). The effects of treatment of different hazard factors on the main agronomic traits of soybean have reached a significant level. Compared with the control,among the seven major agronomic traits,the 5 treatments of the node numbers of main stem had the smallest change range,with an average of decreasing range 7.71%,and the number of staygreen syndrome pods per plant had the largest change range,with an average of amplification 83.52%. Among the three yield related traits,the 5 treatments with 100 seed weight had the smallest loss rate compared with the control,with an average of decreasing range 8.70%,and the 5 treatments with seed weight per plant had the largest loss rate with an average of decreasing range 52.51%. In short,the results revealed that the effects of treatment of different hazard factors on the yield and main agronomic traits of soybean have reached a significant level,and the seed weight per plant had the largest change compared with the control.

Key words: Soybean, Staygreen syndrome, Yield, Hazard factor, Agronomic trait

王大刚, 于国宜, 杨勇, 李杰坤, 王峰, 周林, 黄志平. 大豆症青主要危害因子对大豆产量及主要农艺性状的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2023, 38(S1): 119-124. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194015.

WANG Dagang, YU Guoyi, YANG Yong, LI Jiekun, WANG Feng, ZHOU Lin, HUANG Zhiping. Effects of the Main Hazard Factors of Soybean Staygreen Syndrome on the Yields and Main Agronomic Characters of Soybean[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(S1): 119-124. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194015.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2023/V38/IS1/119

图/表 7

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处理 Treatment	正常品种 (系) No. of normal varieties	百分率/% Percentage	症青品种数 No.of Staygreen symptomatic varieties	百分率/% Percentage
CK	25	38.46	40	61.54
T1	11	16.92	54	83.08
T2	12	18.46	53	81.54
T3	8	12.31	57	87.69
T4	7	10.77	58	89.23
T5	9	13.85	56	86.15

处理 Treatment	正常品种 (系) No. of normal varieties	百分率/% Percentage	症青品种数 No.of Staygreen symptomatic varieties	百分率/% Percentage
CK	25	38.46	40	61.54
T1	11	16.92	54	83.08
T2	12	18.46	53	81.54
T3	8	12.31	57	87.69
T4	7	10.77	58	89.23
T5	9	13.85	56	86.15

处理 Treatment	症青率范围 Range of staygreen incidence	平均症青率 Average staygreen incidence	平均症青率较对照增减 Average staygreen incidence plus or minus compared with control
CK	8.35~47.50	16.44	—
T1	13.57~75.45	35.81	117.82
T2	14.35~77.83	41.36	151.58
T3	15.23~72.86	37.46	127.86
T4	16.03~84.84	62.73	281.57
T5	13.96~82.86	59.82	263.87

处理 Treatment	症青率范围 Range of staygreen incidence	平均症青率 Average staygreen incidence	平均症青率较对照增减 Average staygreen incidence plus or minus compared with control
CK	8.35~47.50	16.44	—
T1	13.57~75.45	35.81	117.82
T2	14.35~77.83	41.36	151.58
T3	15.23~72.86	37.46	127.86
T4	16.03~84.84	62.73	281.57
T5	13.96~82.86	59.82	263.87

处理 Treatment	接毒时期 Period of virus inoculation	接虫时期 Period of insect inoculation	株高/cm Plant height	底荚高度/cm First pod height	主茎节数 Node numbers of main stem	有效分枝 Effective branches	单株总荚数 Total number of pods per plant	单株有效荚数 Effective pods per plant	单株症青荚数 Staygreen syndrome pods per plant
CK	—	—	88.16	13.62	14.43	2.00	26.32	23.82	2.50
T1	VC	—	72.85^**	18.48^**	12.92^**	0.52^**	12.62^**	7.70^**	4.92^**
T2	—	R4	87.46	15.18^*	14.25	1.96	21.64^**	18.93^**	3.71^**
T3	—	R4	85.70	16.22^**	12.72^**	1.93	19.10^**	16.49^**	3.60^**
T4	VC	R4	71.02^**	15.77^*	12.73^**	0.57^**	16.71^**	11.38^**	5.32^**
T5	VC	R4	73.75^**	15.48^*	13.97	0.74^**	18.25^**	12.87^**	5.39^**

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