摘要： 为探讨原位修复镉污染土壤的效果，采用盆栽培养试验，研究钝化剂种类和添加比例对土壤Cd钝化效果和小白菜吸收Cd的影响。结果表明，随着添加活性炭、石灰和磷矿粉比例的增加，土壤有效态Cd含量和小白菜地上部Cd含量均呈逐渐降低的趋势。与对照相比，所有添加活性炭、石灰和磷矿粉的处理土壤有效态Cd含量和小白菜地上部Cd含量均显著降低，其中，添加5%的活性炭、4%的石灰和5%的磷矿粉3个处理土壤钝化效果均最佳，土壤有效态Cd含量分别降低25.20%，49.50%，40.09%，小白菜地上部Cd含量分别下降65.13%，54.64%，67.56%。随着鸡粪和沸石粉添加比例的升高，土壤有效态Cd含量均呈逐渐升高的趋势，而小白菜地上部Cd含量则均呈下降趋势，鸡粪添加比例为2%土壤Cd钝化效果最佳，小白菜地上部Cd含量降低65.64%。沸石粉添加比例5%的处理效果最佳，小白菜地上部Cd含量降低为44.46%。添加粉煤灰、玉米秸秆和菌渣对小白菜地上部Cd含量影响较小或不明显。可见，不同钝化剂种类和添加比例土壤Cd钝化效果存在明显差异。添加适量的磷矿粉、活性炭、石灰、鸡粪和沸石粉均具有很好或较好的Cd钝化效果。

关键词: 小白菜, 钝化剂, 添加比例, 镉, 吸收

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of insitu passivation on the Cd-contaminated soil, the culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of different types of amendment and addition rate on soil Cd availability and the uptake of Cd by Chinese cabbage. The results showed that with the increase of the addition rate of activated carbon, lime and phosphate rock, the available Cd content in soil and the Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage decreased gradually. Compared with the control, all the treatments of activated carbon, lime and phosphate rock significantly reduced the available Cd content in soil and the Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage. Among them, 5% of activated carbon, 4% of lime and 5% of phosphate rock had the best soil passivation effect. The available Cd content in soil decreased by 25.20%, 49.50%,40.09%, respectively. The Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage decreased by 65.13%,54.64%,67.56%, respectively. With the increases of the addition rate of chicken manure organic manure and zeolite, the available Cd content in soil increased gradually, while the Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage decreased. The treatment with 2% of chicken manure organic fertilizer had the best passivation effect, and the Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage decreased 65.64%. The treatment with 5% of zeolite had the best the effect. The Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage decreased 44.46%. To a certain extent, the addition of fly ash, corn straw and mushroom residue had no significant effect on Cd uptake by Chinese cabbage. So the effects of different types of amendment and addition rate on soil Cd passivation were obviously different. Adding amendments, such as activated carbon, lime, phosphate rock and chicken manure organic fertilizer and optimized rate can effectively reduce Cd content in the shoot of Chinese cabbage.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, Amendment, Addition rate, Cadmium, Absorption

中图分类号: 

• S143.7

• S634.01