摘要： 为了提高土壤质量，提升烤烟质量，2016年在凤凰县通过大田示范与小区试验，研究烤烟精准施肥对土壤性状及烤烟质量效益的影响。结果表明，精准施肥能显著提高B2F烟叶还原糖、烟叶质量与总糖含量，显著降低烟叶总植物碱含量，提高钾含量，降低烟叶总氮与植烟土壤容重，调节糖碱比与氮碱比，提高土壤总孔隙度、有机质含量及烟叶的劲头、浓度、香气质、香气量与余味等评吸质量。精准浅施肥7 cm+90%肥料能显著提高B2F烟叶钾氯比与烟叶质量，精准深施肥12 cm能提高B2F烟叶钾氯比，能显著提高烟叶质量。精准浅施肥7 cm能提高C3F烟叶还原糖与总糖含量，降低烟叶总植物碱含量，提高烟叶的劲头、浓度、香气质、香气量与余味等评吸质量。

关键词: 烤烟, 施肥, 土壤性状, 烟叶质量

Abstract: In order to improve the quality of soil and tobacco,effects of precision fertilization of flue-cured tobacco on soil structure and quality and benefit of tobacco leaves were studied by way of field demonstration and plot experiment. The results demonstrated that the B2F total and reducing sugar were increased significantly by precision fertilization,while the B2F total vegetable alkali content decreased,the sugar alkali of flue-cured tobacco were adjusted,total soil porosity and the organic matter content and the capillary water holding capacity in the early and middle stage were improved,and smoking quality of B2F tobacco leaves were improved,such as strength,concentration,aroma quantity,aroma,aftertaste,and quality of B2F tobacco leaf was improved significantly,ratio of potassium to chlorine of C3F tobacco leaf was decreased. Along with the depth increase and reduction of fertilizer,precision fertilization was efficient between significantly positive correlation changed with the smoking quality of B2F tobacco leaf,precision fertilization 7cm+90% fertilizer could increased content of organic matter of soil,could significantly improved ratio of potassium to chlorine of B2F tobacco leaf,precision fertilization 12 cm deep fertilization could significantly increased ratio of potassium to chlorine of B2F tobacco leaf,significantly improved the quality of B2F tobacco leaves.Precision fertilization 7cm could improve the content of reducing sugar and total sugar of C3F tobacco leaf,and decreased the content of total vegetable alkali,could improved the smoking quality of tobacco leaves,such as strength,concentration,aroma quantity,aroma,aftertaste.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Fertilization, Soil properties, Quality of flue-cured tobacco

中图分类号: 

• S143