摘要： 为探索昭阳烟区连作烟地翻耕深度对烟株生长发育和产质量的影响，通过田间随机区组小区设计，对翻耕深度20 cm （T1）、25 cm （T2）、30 cm （T3）3个处理和CK （15 cm）进行了试验研究，结果表明：旺长期处理T2与T1容重、土壤孔隙度，与T3容重在0.05水平有显著差异。不同处理在不同时期烟株的根、茎、叶干物质积累T2较大，其次为T3和T1，CK最差。T3根结线虫发病最轻，发病率为25.23%，与CK在0.05水平有显著差异；病情指数T3（4.04） < T1（5.27） < T2（5.39），在0.01水平显著小于CK （18.64）。在农艺性状上，处理T2烟株株高112.85 cm，叶面积系数3.09，处理T3烟株茎围12.07 cm，在0.05水平显著高于CK。在经济性状上，处理T2产量、上等烟比例（α=0.01）、中等烟比例（α=0.05）显著高于CK；处理T3产量（α=0.05）显著高于CK；处理T1中等烟比例（α=0.01）显著高于CK。综合来看，处理T2烤烟经济性状最好，其次为处理T3和T1，CK烤烟经济性状最差。研究发现，连作烟地翻耕深度25～30 cm，可以改善土壤物理性状，降低根结线虫病发生，促进烟株生长发育，提高烟叶产质量。

关键词: 烤烟, 翻耕深度, 土壤, 物理特性, 生长发育, 产质量

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of tillage depth on the growth, development, yield and quality of tobacco plants in the Zhaoyang tobacco-growing area, there was experimental research on the depth of the tillage to the treatments 20 cm (T1), 25 cm (T2), 30 cm (T3) and CK (15 cm) by the randomized block design in the field. The results showed that there were significantly different at 0.05 of volume-weight and soil porosity between T2 and T1 in the long-term, and there was significantly different at 0.05 level of volume-weight between T2 and T3. The T2 dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants roots, stems and leaves was comparatively large at different times, followed by T3 and T1, and CK was the worst. The root-knot nematode disease of T3 was the lightest, the incidence rate was 25.23%, and there was significantly different at 0.05 level with CK; the disease index T3 (4.04) < T1 (5.27) < T2 (5.39), significantly lower than CK (18.64) at 0.01 level. In the agronomic traits, the plant height of T2 was 112.85 cm, the leaf area coefficient of T2 was 3.09, and the stem circumference of T3 was 12.07 cm, which was significantly higher than CK at 0.05 level. In the economic traits, T2 yield, upper grade tobacco ratio (α=0.01), medium grade tobacco ratio (α=0.05) were significantly higher than CK; T3 yield (α=0.05) was significantly higher than CK; T1 medium grade tobacco ratio (α=0.01) was significantly higher than CK. On the whole, the economic traits of T2 flue-cured tobacco was the best, followed by T3 and T1, and CK was the worst. The study found that the continuous ploughing depth of 25-30 cm can improve soil physical properties, reduce the occurrence of root-knot nematode disease, promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, and improve the yield and quality of tobacco.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Tillage depth, Soil, Physical properties, Growth and development, Yield and quality

中图分类号: 

• S341.1