摘要：

盐碱地是我国重要的后备耕地资源,普遍存在无机盐分含量高、有机质匮乏、土壤肥力低等问题,这严重影响了我国粮食安全。因此,需要改善盐碱土壤状况、提升土壤肥力,并为我国粮食安全提供更可靠的保障。在我国,秸秆作为一种重要的农业有机废弃物,秸秆的资源化利用已成为农业可持续发展的重要组成部分。其中,秸秆还田作为一项核心措施被广泛推广。经大量研究表明,通过将其合理还田可以有效地改善土壤的结构,增加土壤的有机碳含量,提高土壤的肥力。目前,秸秆资源如何在盐碱土壤上高效利用从而使盐碱土壤有机碳得到提高是我国农业现在面临的重大课题。因此,本研究从秸秆不同还田方式、还田量等方面进行概述来探究其对盐碱地土壤有机碳库及组分的影响。在此基础上,提出秸秆还田技术存在的不足并找到其解决办法。在实践中,采取适当的处理措施来实现秸秆还田对盐碱地的改良。此外,进行盐碱地研究不仅是对特定土壤环境的深入分析,更是一项涉及多学科交叉的复杂系统工程。在这一过程中,必须充分考虑到各种因素,包括但不限于土地管理、水文地质、生态系统、农业经济等。通过这样的努力,才能更加深入地理解盐碱地的特性,为改善和利用这些宝贵资源提供科学依据和技术支持。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 盐碱地, 还田量, 土壤有机碳, 土壤团聚体

Abstract:

Saline-alkali soils are an important reserve arable land resource in China,and are generally characterized by high inorganic salt content,lack of organic matter and low soil fertility,which seriously affects China's food security.Therefore,there is a need to improve the saline soil condition,enhance soil fertility,and provide a more reliable guarantee for China's food security.In China,straw is an important agricultural organic waste,the resource utilization of straw has become an important part of sustainable agricultural development.Among them,straw return to field has been widely promoted as a core measure.A large number of studies have shown that by returning straw to the field in a reasonable manner,the structure of soil can be effectively improved,the organic carbon content of soil can be increased,and the fertility of soil can be improved.At present,how straw resources can be efficiently utilized in saline-alkali soils so that the organic carbon of saline-alkuli soils can be improved is a major issue facing Chinese agriculture.Therefore,this paper summarizes the different ways and amounts of straw return to the field to investigate its effects on the organic carbon pool and components of saline-alkali soils.On this basis,the shortcomings of straw return technology are proposed and solutions are found.In practice,appropriate treatment measures are taken for further realizing the improvement of saline-alkali land by straw return to the field.In addition,conducting saline-alkali land research is not only an in-depth analysis of a specific soil environment,but also a complex systematic project involving the intersection of multiple disciplines.In this process,various factors,including but not limited to land management,hydrogeology,ecosystem,and agricultural economics,must be fully considered.Through such efforts,we will be able to gain a deeper understanding of the characteristics of saline-alkali soils and provide a scientific basis and technical support for the improvement and utilization of these valuable resources.

Key words: Straw return, Saline-alkali soil, Amount of straw return to the soil, Soil organic carbon, Soil aggregate