内蒙古平原灌区土壤固碳与养分吸附特征及秸秆还田调控

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193899

华北农学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 120-126. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193899

所属专题： 土壤肥料；热点文章；

• 资源环境·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

内蒙古平原灌区土壤固碳与养分吸附特征及秸秆还田调控

于博¹^,², 刘雅梦³, 杨哲⁴, 王佳乐¹, 王钰艳¹, 郭艳¹, 马扬¹, 任琴¹^,², 穆俊祥¹

¹ 集宁师范学院生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古集宁 012000
² 乌兰察布市生物学经济作物抗逆重点实验室,内蒙古集宁 012000
³ 集宁师范学院,内蒙古集宁 012000
⁴ 集宁区农牧水利事业发展中心,内蒙古集宁 012000

收稿日期:2023-08-01 出版日期:2024-02-28
作者简介:
于博(1986—),男,吉林白山人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤肥力调控与作物高产高效研究。
基金资助:
乌兰察布市基础研究项目(2021JC201); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021BS03022); 集宁师范学院博士创新科研基金项目(jsbsjj2305); 集宁师范学院博士科研启动基金项目(jsbsjj1710); 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211427002); 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202211427023); 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X20231142070034); 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X20231142070044); 内蒙古自治区哲学社会学重点研究基地项目; 集宁师范学院生物技术研发与应用研究所项目

Characteristics of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Adsorption and Regulation of Straw Returning in Inner Mongolia Plain Irrigation Area

YU Bo¹^,², LIU Yameng³, YANG Zhe⁴, WANG Jiale¹, WANG Yuyan¹, GUO Yan¹, MA Yang¹, REN Qin¹^,², MU Junxiang¹

¹ School of Life Science and Technology,Jining Normal University,Jining 012000,China
² Key Laboratory of Stress Resistance of Biological Cash Crops in Ulanqab,Jining 012000,China
³ Jining Normal University,Jining 012000,China
⁴ Jining District Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Water Conservancy Development Center,Jining 012000,China

Received:2023-08-01 Published:2024-02-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为内蒙古平原灌区春玉米连续高产稳产过程中秸秆培肥高产田和改良盐碱田提供理论依据。设置了玉米秸秆还田1~4 a(HT1~HT4)定位试验,以秸秆不还田作为对照(CK),测定了春播前和收获期土壤有机碳含量、全氮含量、有效氮含量、有效磷含量、阳离子交换量、pH值和酸碱缓冲曲线。结果表明,HT1~HT4收获期与春播前相比土壤有机碳含量、全氮含量、有效氮含量、有效磷含量、阳离子交换量的相对变化率为1.34%~3.62%,0.20%~1.51%,-0.11%~0.78%,0.89%~6.36%,0.09%~0.41%,CK收获期与春播前相比土壤有机碳含量、全氮含量、有效氮含量、有效磷含量、阳离子交换量的相对变化率为1.57%,-0.02%,-0.45%,-0.15%,-0.05%;HT2、HT3、HT4比CK的土壤pH值显著降低;土壤对碱的缓冲能力依次为HT4>HT3>HT2>HT1>CK。综上所述,随秸秆还田年限的增加,土壤固碳能力、保肥能力和缓冲性能增大,有效抵御因施化肥等因素导致土壤pH值剧烈变化的能力增强,秸秆还田培肥改土措施显著提升了土壤质量。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 土壤有机碳, 土壤养分吸附, 土壤阳离子交换量, 土壤酸碱缓冲曲线, 盐碱田

Abstract:

In order to provide theoretical basis for straw fertilizing high-yield field and improving saline-alkali field in the process of continuous high yield and stable yield of spring corn in Inner Mongolia plain irrigation area.This study set up a positioning test of corn straw returning to the field for 1 to 4 years (HT1—HT4), taking the straw not returning to the field as the control (CK). Soil organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, cation exchange capacity, pH value and acid-base buffer curve were measured before spring sowing and during harvest. The results showed that, the relative change rates of soil organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and cation exchange capacity were 1.34%—3.62%, 0.20%—1.51%, -0.11%—0.78%, 0.89%—6.36% and 0.09%—0.41% during harvest period of HT1—HT4 compared with that before spring sowing. The relative change rates of soil organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and cation exchange capacity were 1.57%, -0.02%, -0.45%, -0.15% and -0.05% in CK harvest period compared with that before spring sowing. Soil pH value of HT2, HT3 and HT4 was significantly lower than that of CK. The buffer capacity of soil to alkali was HT4>HT3>HT2>HT1>CK. In summary, with the increase of straw returning years, soil carbon sequestration capacity, fertilizer retention capacity and buffering performance increase, and the ability to effectively resist drastic changes in soil pH value caused by fertilizer application and other factors was enhanced, soil quality was significantly improved by straw returning to field for fertilizer cultivation and soil improvement measures.

Key words: Straw returning, Soil organic carbon, Soil nutrient adsorption, Soil cation exchange capacity, Soil acid-base buffer curve, Saline-alkali field

于博, 刘雅梦, 杨哲, 王佳乐, 王钰艳, 郭艳, 马扬, 任琴, 穆俊祥. 内蒙古平原灌区土壤固碳与养分吸附特征及秸秆还田调控[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(1): 120-126. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193899.

YU Bo, LIU Yameng, YANG Zhe, WANG Jiale, WANG Yuyan, GUO Yan, MA Yang, REN Qin, MU Junxiang. Characteristics of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Adsorption and Regulation of Straw Returning in Inner Mongolia Plain Irrigation Area[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(1): 120-126. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193899.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2024/V39/I1/120

图/表 9

图1 秸秆还田对土壤有机碳含量的影响不同大写字母表示同一处理不同时期差异显著(P<0.05); 不同小写字母表示同一时期不同处理差异显著(P<0.05)。图2—5同。

Fig.1 Effect of straw returning on soil organic carbon content Different uppercase letters represent the significance difference between different periods of the same treatment (P<0.05),different lowercase letters represent the significance difference between different treatments in the same period(P<0.05).The same as Fig.2—5.

图2 秸秆还田对土壤全氮含量的影响

Fig.2 Effect of straw returning on soil total nitrogen content

图3 秸秆还田对土壤有效氮含量的影响

Fig.3 Effect of straw returning on soil available nitrogen content

图4 秸秆还田对土壤有效磷含量的影响

Fig.4 Effect of straw returning on soil available phosphorus content

图5 秸秆还田对土壤阳离子交换量的影响

Fig.5 Effect of straw returning on soil cation exchange capacity

图6 秸秆还田对收获期土壤pH值的影响不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。图8同。

Fig.6 Effect of straw returning on soil pH value during harvest time Different lowercase letters represent the significance between different treatments (P<0.05).The same as Fig.8.

图7 秸秆还田对收获期土壤酸碱缓冲曲线的影响

Fig.7 Effect of straw returning on soil acid-base buffer curve during harvest time

图8 春播前与收获期相比各指标的相对变化率

Fig.8 Relative change rate of each index during harvest time compared with before spring sowing

表1 收获期土壤阳离子交换量与土壤养分的相关性分析(r值)

Tab.1 Correlation analysis between soil cation exchange capacity and soil nutrients during harvest time(r value)

处理 Treatment	土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content	土壤全氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content	土壤有效氮含量 Soil available nitrogen content	土壤有效磷含量 Soil available phosphorus content	样本数 Number of samples
CK	0.08	-0.99^*	-0.57	-0.81	3
HT1	-0.84	-0.09	0.96^*	0.93^*	3
HT2	-0.99^*	0.44	-0.62	-0.99^*	3
HT3	-0.02	0.99^*	0.88	-0.86	3
HT4	0.11	0.15	-0.97^*	0.17	3

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[30]	郑洪兵, 郑金玉, 罗洋, 李瑞平, 李伟堂, 孙彦娣, 刘武仁, 齐华. 玉米秸秆粉碎不同量级还田对土壤养分的影响[J]. 吉林农业科学, 2014, 39(5):38-42.doi:10.16423/j.cnki.1003-8701.2014.05.005.
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内蒙古平原灌区土壤固碳与养分吸附特征及秸秆还田调控

Characteristics of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Adsorption and Regulation of Straw Returning in Inner Mongolia Plain Irrigation Area

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内蒙古平原灌区土壤固碳与养分吸附特征及秸秆还田调控

Characteristics of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Adsorption and Regulation of Straw Returning in Inner Mongolia Plain Irrigation Area

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