摘要： 为了研究渍害胁迫对芝麻籽粒及制油品质的影响，以豫芝11号等6个芝麻品种为材料，在芝麻生长-盛花期时，采用耐渍池分别进行0，36 h的连续淹水处理，成熟后收集芝麻籽粒，并从籽粒的外观、营养组分、矿物质及油制品等方面进行深入的品质分析。结果表明，渍害胁迫处理后，不同品种的芝麻籽粒种皮颜色变深，瘪粒增多，降低了芝麻的商品价值，但不改变芝麻籽粒的长度和宽度，其平均值分别在3.00，1.80 mm左右。渍害胁迫使籽粒中的营养成分粗脂肪、粗蛋白、总糖含量存在不同程度的变化，其变化幅度分别为-3.73%~2.03%，-0.10%~-2.16%，-0.93%~5.80%；同时也导致了粗纤维和灰分含量的增加。胁迫处理使矿物质元素Ca、K、Mg、Na含量存在不同程度的变化。其中Ca元素随着品种不同，不存在规律一致的变化。但是K、Mg、Na含量均呈升高趋势。芝麻油制品的变化则主要表现在酸值和过氧化值基本呈升高趋势（品种M5的过氧化值例外），油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸含量无显著性变化，花生酸、亚麻酸、棕榈油酸含量存在一定变化，微量成分芝麻素、芝麻林素含量的变化因品种而异。

关键词: 芝麻, 渍害胁迫, 籽粒, 芝麻油, 品质

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of waterlogging stress on the quality characteristics of sesame seeds and oil, Yuzhi 11 and other 5 sesame varieties were applied as the materials for the mature seed quality analysis, sesame was irrigated 0, 36 h continuously during flowering stage in the waterlogging nursery. Sesame seeds were collected in the mature period and analyzed from the appearance, nutritional components, minerals and oil products. The results showed that the seed color of different sesame varieties varied with some extension under the waterlogging stress. The number of shrunken grains was increased. It decreased the commodity value of sesame. However, it was not changed the seed length and deed width which average was about 3.00, 1.80 mm respectively. The contents of crude fatty acids, proteins and total sugars in sesame seeds varied from -3.73%-2.03%,-0.10%——2.16%, and -0.93%-5.80% respectively. The contents of coarse fiber and ash in the treatments increased. The mineral contents of Ca, K, Mg and Na elements varied diversely in seeds under waterlogging stress. Among them, Ca element did not change regularly with different varieties. But the content of K, Mg and Na increased. The contents of arachic acid, linolenic acid and palmitoleic acid varied. The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid did not vary obviously. The change of sesame oil products mainly manifested in the basic increase trend of acid value and peroxide value(except the peroxide value of M5), the content of oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid did not change significantly, the content of arachidic acid, linolenic acid and palmitic oleic acid changed in an extent.The content of sesamin and sesamolin varied, depended on the genotypes of the different varieties.

Key words: Sesame, Waterlogging tolerance, Seed, Sesame oil, Quality

中图分类号: 

• S565.01