华北农学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 195-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.027

所属专题: 甜椒辣椒 土壤肥料

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤温度对不同施肥方式下辣椒生长及土壤理化性质的影响

闫秋艳1,2, 董飞1, 段增强2, 李汛2, 王嫒华2, 汤英2   

  1. 1. 山西省农业科学院 小麦研究所, 山西 临汾 041000;
    2. 中国科学院 南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210008
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-02 出版日期:2018-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 段增强(1964-),男,安徽合肥人,研究员,硕士,博士生导师,主要从事植物营养和环境科学研究。
  • 作者简介:闫秋艳(1983-),女,山西襄汾人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事设施栽培及植物营养研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD14B04);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题(Y20160019)

Effect of Soil Temperature on Soil Physical-chemical Properties and Pepper Growth in Different Fertilizer Treatments

YAN Qiuyan1,2, DONG Fei1, DUAN Zengqiang2, LI Xun2, WANG Aihua2, TANG Ying2   

  1. 1. Institute of Wheat, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen 041000, China;
    2. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2017-11-02 Published:2018-04-28

摘要: 为了探讨土壤温度和肥料利用率间的关系,进一步提升冬春季设施辣椒生产力。通过大田小区试验,设计土壤温度(对照不加温、加温土壤)和施肥方式(不施肥CK、常规尿素施肥N60和常规尿素减N24)2个因素对辣椒生长、养分吸收和土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明,土壤不加温条件下,常规尿素施肥处理比CK辣椒植株总干质量、株高、成活率和产量不同程度增加,在较高氮肥用量的N60处理中增加程度较高;土壤加温条件下,N60和N24处理对辣椒生长的促进作用更明显,产量最高,且2个施肥处理间差异不显著。土壤加温有助于氮素养分的持续释放,在开花期处于低峰状态,这与加温条件下辣椒植株对养分的需求量较大有关;结果期,不加温条件碱解氮含量有所降低,但加温条件下持续升高。2种温度条件下,速效磷和速效钾含量随生育期延长呈增加趋势,其中,CK处理在结果期明显增加,可能是由于氮元素亏缺状态下磷钾元素补充供应。土壤适宜加温使脲酶活性持续增加。因此,提高土壤温度比增施氮肥更有利于辣椒养分吸收和产量提高,使肥料得到有效发挥,有助于设施蔬菜增产增效。

关键词: 辣椒, 土壤温度, 施肥方式, 生长, 速效养分

Abstract: In order to explore the relation of soil temperature and fertilizer utilization, and improve pepper productivity of anti-season. A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of soil temperature(no heating and heating) and different fertilizer treatments(no fertilizer(CK), conventional urea fertilizer(N60), conventional 40% urea fertilizer(N24)) on pepper growth, nutrient uptake and soil physico-chemical properties. The results showed that under no heating soil plots, plant dry weight, height, plant survival rate and yield increased inordinately under conventional urea fertilized treatments compared with CK, stronger level of increased was obtained under N60 treatment. Heating soil enhanced this promoted action and hold higher yield in N60 and N24 treatments with no significant difference. Soil heating increased the nutrient release with growth period, while a relative lower peak in flowering stage, it was possible that elevating soil temperature improved nutrient need and uptake. In fruit stage, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content decreased under no heating condition, and increased under heating condition. Irrespective of soil temperatures, available phosphorus and potassium content showed increased trend with growth stage, higher content under CK treatment in fruit stage. It was possible more potassium and phosphate supplementation under nitrogen deficiency. Suitable warming soil temperature improved urease activity in most fertilizer treatments. Therefore, nutrient uptake and pepper yield can be mostly improved by soil heating compared with application of nitrogen fertilizer. It's favorable to obtain high fertilizer efficiency absorption and yield increase in protected vegetable.

Key words: Capsicum annuum L., Soil temperature, Fertilization mode, Growth, Available nutrient

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引用本文

闫秋艳, 董飞, 段增强, 李汛, 王嫒华, 汤英. 土壤温度对不同施肥方式下辣椒生长及土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(2): 195-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.027.

YAN Qiuyan, DONG Fei, DUAN Zengqiang, LI Xun, WANG Aihua, TANG Ying. Effect of Soil Temperature on Soil Physical-chemical Properties and Pepper Growth in Different Fertilizer Treatments[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2018, 33(2): 195-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.027.

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