摘要： 研究了炭化温度对小麦秸秆生物炭产率及理化特性的影响，为小麦秸秆生物炭的制备及还田作用机制提供理论依据。通过低氧炭化法，以20℃/min的升温速度将小麦秸秆炭化至特定温度（100，200，300，400，500，600，700，800℃），然后对其炭化产率和理化性质（孔隙状况、全碳及无机碳含量、CEC含量、表面含氧官能团情况及pH值、FTIR）进行分析，结果表明，低温炭化时小麦秸秆生物炭呈酸性，400℃之后呈碱性；随热解温度的升高，小麦秸秆生物炭的炭化程度逐渐增大，100~400℃产率自91.32%降至18.52%；炭化过程中，小麦秸秆生物炭孔隙增加，结构疏松；比表面积、孔径和比孔容均表现出先增大后减小的趋势，且均在400℃时达到最大，分别为6.675 m²/g、13.992 nm、0.015 cm³/g；有机碳含量在200~400℃较高；CEC含量于400~800℃维持在较高水平，处于69.13~84.35 cmol/kg；FTIR和表面含氧官能团的结果显示，小麦秸秆生物炭的芳香化程度随着热解温度的升高而增大，结构也愈加稳定。小麦秸秆的制备以400℃左右的炭化温度条件较为理想。

关键词: 小麦秸秆, 热解温度, 生物炭, 产率, 理化特性

Abstract: The paper studied the effects of carbonization temperature on biochar yield and the physicochemical properties from wheat-straw improved the application of wheat-straw biochar,in order to further expound the mechanism of action of wheat straw biochar.The effects of different carbonization temperatures(100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800℃)on wheat-straw biochar yield and the physicochemical properties (porosity condition,the content of total carbon and inorganic carbon,CEC content,oxygen-containing functional group,pH and FTIR) were studied through mionectic carbonization with the heating rate of 20℃/min. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used to obtain infrared spectra and the reasons for the changes of biochar physicochemical properties were analyzed.The wheat-straw of low temperature carbonization was acidic,after 400℃,was alkaline. The degree of wheat straw biochar carbonized increased with the increased of carbonization temperature, and the yield decreased from 91.32% to 18.52% in 100-400℃. In the carbonization process,the wheat-straw biochar porosity increased,the structure was loose. Pore size,specific surface area and specific pore volume showed first increased and then decreased trend,and all reached the maximum at 400℃,were 6.675 m²/g,13.992 nm,0.015 cm³/g respectively.In 200-400℃,the content of organic carbon was high. The content of CEC was maintained at a high level in 400-800℃,between 69.13-84.35 cmol/kg.The analysis of infrared spectrum and surface oxygen functional groups showed that,with the increase of pyrolysis temperature,the degree of aromatization of wheat-straw biochar increased,and the structure became more stable. The carbonization temperature of wheat-straw is more ideal at about 400℃.

Key words: Wheat-straw, Pyrolysis temperature, Biochar, Biochar yield, Physicochemical properties

中图分类号: 

• S210

• X610