春季灌水次数对强筋小麦淀粉组分与理化特性的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192831

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究春季灌水次数对冀东平原强筋小麦籽粒淀粉含量及其理化特性的影响，选用中麦998和津农7号2个强筋小麦品种，分析了3个灌水次数（W₀春季不灌水；W₁拔节水；W₂拔节水+开花水）对强筋小麦籽粒淀粉含量及其组分含量、热力学特性、糊化特性和晶体特性的影响，并对淀粉组分与淀粉理化特性进行了相关性分析。结果表明：春灌拔节水（W₁）显著提高了2品种的支链淀粉和总淀粉含量，中麦998提高了9.88%，8.45%，津农7号提高了9.35%，6.34%；且春灌拔节水（W₁）时产量较高，仅次于W₂处理。随灌水次数增加，2个品种的高峰温度、糊化焓先上升后下降；但峰值粘度和稀懈值以W₀处理最高，糊化时间先上升后下降，最终粘度和糊化温度存在品种间差异，中麦998先上升后下降，而津农7号呈上升趋势；晶体强度和相对结晶度先上升后下降。相关分析表明，直链淀粉含量与谷值粘度呈显著正相关；支链淀粉含量与高峰温度、终止温度、糊化焓、糊化温度、糊化时间、相对结晶度呈显著或极显著正相关，与峰值粘度、稀懈值呈极显著负相关。综上所述，本试验条件下，春灌拔节水可以有效提高强筋小麦支链淀粉含量、总淀粉含量及籽粒产量，进而影响淀粉理化特性；与直链淀粉相比，支链淀粉含量与淀粉理化特性更密切相关。

关键词: 强筋小麦, 灌水次数, 淀粉组分, 淀粉理化特性, 产量

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of irrigation times in spring on starch contents and physicochemical properties of strong gluten wheat in Eastern Hebei Plain, the experiment was conducted with Zhongmai 998 and Jinnong 7.This study researched the effect of three irrigation treatments (W₀:no irrigation in spring;W₁:irrigation in jointing stage;W₂:irrigation in jointing stage and flowering stage) on starch contents and composition, thermodynamic properties, gelatinization properties and crystal properties of strong gluten wheat grains, and analyzed the correlation between starch composition and physicochemical properties of starch.The results showed that amylopectin and total starch contents of 2 varieties significantly improved when irrigation in jointing stage(W₁), Zhongmai 998 increased by 9.88%, 8.45%, Jinnong 7 increased by 9.35%, 6.34%, and the yield was higher, second only to W₂ treatment.With the increase of irrigation times, the peak temperature and gelatinization enthalpy of 2 varieties rose and then decreased, but the peak viscosity and breakdown were highest at W₀ treatment, gelatinization time rose and then decreased, final viscosity and gelatinization temperature was difference between varieties, Zhongmai 998 rose and then decreased while Jinnong 7 showed upward trend;Crystal strength and relative crystallization rose and then decreased.The correlation analysis showed that the content of amylose had significantly positively correlated on trough viscosity, the content of amylopectin had significantly or very significantly positively correlated on peak temperature, final temperature, gelatinization enthalpy, gelatinization temperature, gelatinization time, relative crystallization, and had very significantly negative correlated to peak viscosity and breakdown.In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, it can effectively improve amylopectin content, total starch content and grain yield of strong gluten wheat when irrigation in jointing stage(W₁), and then affect the physicochemical properties of starch;compared with amylose, the amylopectin content was closer to the physicochemical properties of starch.

Key words: Strong gluten wheat, Irrigation times, Starch composition, Physicochemical properties of starch, Yield

中图分类号:

S512.01

郭双双, 姚艳荣, 张敏, 李清瑶, 付陈陈, 徐东娜, 史金平, 蔡瑞国. 春季灌水次数对强筋小麦淀粉组分与理化特性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(S1): 118-124. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192831.

GUO Shuangshuang, YAO Yanrong, ZHANG Min, LI Qingyao, FU Chenchen, XU Dongna, SHI Jinping, CAI Ruiguo. Effect of Spring Irrigation Times on Starch Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Strong Gluten Wheat[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(S1): 118-124. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192831.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/IS1/118

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