摘要： 为分析低氮胁迫对不同类型玉米品种籽粒产量及品质的影响，采用大田裂区试验设计和近红外分析技术，以3种类型6个玉米品种为研究对象，调查玉米籽粒产量及品质。结果表明，当施氮量由450 kg/hm²逐渐降为0 kg/hm²时，各类型品种籽粒产量和籽粒蛋白质含量有降低趋势，淀粉含量有上升的趋势，但脂肪含量无明显变化规律。与正常施氮（450 kg/hm²）相比，在较强低氮胁迫下（45 kg/hm²），2013年和2014年高产耐低氮玉米品种产量分别降低22.15%和11.96%，蛋白质含量降低幅度分别为9.74%和5.82%，在极端低氮胁迫下（0 kg/hm²），2014年产量和蛋白质含量降低25.91%和14.57%，均小于高产不耐低氮类型和低产不耐低氮类型玉米品种；在较强低氮胁迫处理（45 kg/hm²）时，淀粉含量品种间增幅范围2013年和2014年分别为2.32%~2.89%和1.20%~1.51%，增幅较小。低氮胁迫对品质影响效应为蛋白质>淀粉>脂肪。高产耐低氮品种在氮胁迫条件下仍能获得比其他类型品种更高的产量和更好的品质。

关键词: 低氮, 产量, 蛋白质, 淀粉, 脂肪, 不同类型玉米品种

Abstract: In order to study the change of yield and quality for different types maize varieties by low N levels application,a field experiment with a split-plot design was conducted out with three types maize varieties (high yield and low N tolerance,high yield and low N intolerance,low yield and low N intolerance) and five N levels application(0,45,180,315,450 kg/ha) to investigate the yield,quality.The quality of maize were analyzed by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy.The results showed that all three types maize varieties yield and protein content were decreased,while the starch content was increased and the fat content was not obviously changed when N application levels were form 450 kg/ha to 0 kg/ha.Compared with the N-normal control (450 kg/ha),the reduction of the high yield and low N tolerant type maize varieties under the lower N level (45 kg/ha) were 22.15% and 11.96% for yield and 9.74% and 5.82% for protein content in 2013 and 2014,respectively,and with the decrease of 25.91% and 14.57% for yield and protein content under the lowest N level (0 kg/ha) in 2014,respectively,there were lesser than the other two type maize varieties.Meanwhile,starch content amplification ranges under the lower N level (45 kg/ha) were less,which in 2013 and 2014 were 2.32%-2.89% and 1.20%-1.51%,respectively.The effect of low N application to maize quality from strong to weak was protein,starch,fat.Because of there was smaller reduction than the other two types of maize varieties,the high yield and low N tolerant type maize varieties could obtaining high yield and quality even under the lower N level.

Key words: Low N, Yield, Protein, Starch, Fat, Different types maize varieties

中图分类号: 

• S143.1