摘要： 为了解不同种植行向玉米对遮荫的反应,设置东西行向和南北行向2种种植方式对郑单958在12展叶(大喇叭口)-抽雄期前遮荫的反应进行了初步研究.结果表明:不同行向下玉米对遮荫反应趋势一致,玉米的穗长、穗粗和行粒数降低,但东西行向处理秃尖长度高于南北行向;玉米遮荫期间发育的叶片比叶面积提高,抽雄吐丝时间延迟,灌浆速率下降,最终导致千粒质量下降,产量降低,但不同行向玉米以南北行向较东西行向对光照反应较为敏感,自然光照下南北行向产量高于东西行向,但遮荫后却显著低于东西行向,这主要源于遮荫后玉米正值发育阶段的叶片叶面积下降,比叶面积提高,用于籽粒产量提高的光合产物减少而影响了产量增加,因此,采用东西行向种植可减少由于光照强度降低造成玉米的大幅度减产,但在光照条件较好的地区采用南北行向种植可获得较高的产量.

关键词: 玉米, 遮荫, 行向

Abstract: In order to research the effecting of shading on the different rows direction of corn,the shading experiment from male tetrade stage to tasseling stage was carried out on two different row-planting pattern of east to west and north to south with ZD958.The result indicated that the same trend appeared on the different rows direction,ear length,ear diameter and grain number per row declined,but compared to the row of south to north,the length of the bald was longer in the control of the row of east to west,enhanced specific leaf area developed during shading,delayed the time of tasseling and silking and dropped filling rate lead to lower 1000-grain weight and yield,but the higher light sensibility of corn was achieved with the row of south to north,which tend to have the higher yield in natural light and significantly reduce when shading comparing with the row of east to west,which derived from decreased leaf area and increased specific leaf area,less photosynthetic product allocate to the seed for higher yield.Therefore,the row of east to west would attain higher yield with less light,while the row of north to south should be chosen at well light.

Key words: Corn, Shading, Row direction

中图分类号: 

• S513.01