摘要： 为明确小麦在冬季干旱年份的水分运筹方式,于2010-2011年采用随机区组试验设计对4个小麦品种进行了12个灌水方式的小麦产量试验,结果表明,冬春干旱年型,增加灌水次数可实现小麦增产1200~4200kg⁄hm²,冬前灌溉分蘖水、越冬水的产量明显高于春季灌水,其中以早灌分蘖水的小麦产量较高,早灌起身水可较延迟灌水小麦产量提高3%,全生育期小麦灌溉分蘖+拔节+开花+灌浆4水的产量最高,灌溉越冬+拔节+开花+灌浆的产量次之,而灌溉分蘖⁄越冬+拔节+开花3水的小麦产量可达到或超过春后4水的产量,但从节水角度,实现小麦的高产应以灌水3次为宜,可同步实现小麦的高产和高水效的统一。不同品种对灌水处理的反应存在较大差异,衡4399旱作产量较高,稳产性好,济麦22和冀585增加灌水产量增加明显,具有较高的丰产性。

关键词: 冬小麦, 干旱, 生育期灌水, 产量

Abstract: With the method of randomized block design four wheat cultivars with 12 irrigation methods were used to study irrigation application regime in drought year of 2010一2011.Results indicate the yield of wheat with more irrigations raised 1200一4200 kg /ha comparing to dry farming, a significantly higher grain production in tillering and overwatering irrigation was achieved than that irrigated in spring and with more yield in tillering irrigation,while more than 3 % yield of wheat was obtained with rose water but delayed water. Irrigation in tiller+jointing+ anthesis+grain filling stage and overwintering+jointing+anthesis+grain filling stage during the whole growth perind have the first and the second yield,respectively. Three times irrigations in tiller overwinter+jointing+anthesis stage can have closed to or exceed yield than that of four times watering in spring. However unification of higher yield and higher water use efficiency was achieved with 3 times water. There was a significant difference of the responses to irrigation treatment among cultivars, a stable yield with higher yield was gained with H4399 in dry farming,JM22 and J585 had a remarkable increased yield with added water, which show a good productivity.

Key words: Winter wheat, Drought, Irrigation at growth stake, Yield

中图分类号: 

• S152.7