摘要： 以玉米杂交种郑单958和先玉335为材料,在玉米成熟期采用大田挖掘的方法,研究了不同密度条件下(52 500株/hm²和82 500株/hm²)根系性状在土层中的分布特征。结果表明:根系主要分布在0～30 cm土层,根系各性状最大值出现在0～10 cm土层,随着层次的加深各性状指标显著降低。在低密度条件下,单株根系生长空间充足,各层次根系质量、体积和表面积均显著大于高密度下的相应指标;在高密度条件下,根系生长受到空间限制,各性状指标在土层中的分布与低密度相比表现出整体下移的趋势。高密度条件下各层次根长密度大于低密度下的相应指标。与郑单958相比,先玉335表现出较好的耐密性。

关键词: 玉米, 密度, 根系性状, 根系分布

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted at the experimental station for Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science in Gongzhuling during 2008-2009.The root distribution characteristics at different soil layers were studied using field root digging method under different planting densities of 52 500 and 82 500 plants per hectare,using maize hybrids of Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335 as materials.The result showed that the roots were mainly distributed at soil layer of 0-30 cm,and the peaks appeared at 0-10 cm.Root characteristic values were lowered markedly as the deeper of soil layers.Under low density conditions plant roots had enough room for growth,so the values of root mass,volume and surface area were higher than those under high density conditions;Under high density conditions the room for root growth was limited,and the distribution character of roots values were wholly moved to the lower soil layers compared with low density conditions.Root length densities at each layer of high density were bigger than those of low density.Compared with Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335 showed good tolerance to high density.

Key words: Maize, Density, Root, characteristics, Root distribution

中图分类号: 

• S15