摘要： 采用二次饱和D-最优设计,研究了氮、钾肥对南粳44产量和品质的影响,在此基础上建立了以氮、钾肥施用量为变量因子,南粳44产量为目标函数的二元二次数学模型。就品质而言,氮、钾肥显著影响南粳44的外观品质和营养品质,其中较高的施氮量显著降低稻米的食味值,而一定的钾肥施用量则相应提高稻米的食味值。模型解析表明:氮、钾肥对南粳44的产量也有显著的影响,其中氮肥对南粳44产量的影响大于钾肥;氮肥、钾肥之间存在显著的交互效应。氮(尿素)和钾(氯化钾)施用量分别小于750kg/hm²和366kg/hm²时,产量随施肥量的增加而提高。经计算机模拟得出,在本试验条件下,南粳44产量超过9289.5kg/hm²的施肥量为尿素:325.5～750kg/hm²,氯化钾:228～366kg/hm²。

关键词: 水稻, 氮, 钾, 产量, 品质

Abstract: The effects of nitrogen and potassium on yield and quality of Nanjing 44 (Oryza sativa L. ) were studied with the design of double saturated D-optimal regression. Meanwhile,a mathematical model was established,in which the nitrogen and potassium fertilized were independent variables,and the yield of Nanjing 44 was dependent variables. The results of quality showed that nitrogen and potassium significantly affected appearance quality and nutrition quality of Nanjing 44. A higher amount of nitrogen significantly reduced taste value of the rice,while a certain amount of potash fertilizer correspondingly improved taste value of the rice. The models analysis also showed that nitrogen and potassium could significantly influence the yield of Nanjing 44,and nitrogen had heavier effect than potassium. At the same time,there was significant interaction between nitrogen and potassium. Within the amount of urea 750 kg /ha,KCl 366 kg /ha,yield increased with the increase of fertilizer. According to computer simulation,the most suitable amounts of fertilizer for over 9 289. 5 kg /ha yield of Nanjing 44 were urea 325. 5－750kg /ha,KCl 228－366 kg /ha.

Key words: Rice, Nitrogen, Potassium, Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

• S143.1