华北农学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 198-205. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192883

所属专题: 油料作物 土壤肥料 植物保护

• 资源环境·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥对控制大豆孢囊线虫病危害的影响

贾建平1,2, 李金鸿1, 于敬文2, 余曦玥2, 彭德良2, 李惠霞1, , 黄文坤2,   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学 植物保护学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2 中国农业科学院 植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-29 出版日期:2022-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 李惠霞, 黄文坤
  • 作者简介:

    贾建平(1997-),女,河南周口人,硕士,主要从事植物线虫防治技术研究。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1604NKCA053); 国家自然科学基金项目(32172382); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600404)

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soybean Cyst Nematode Disease

JIA Jianping1,2, LI Jinhong1, YU Jingwen2, YU Xiyue2, PENG Deliang2, LI Huixia1, , HUANG Wenkun2,   

  1. 1 College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China
  • Received:2022-01-29 Published:2022-08-28
  • Contact: LI Huixia, HUANG Wenkun

摘要:

为了探索施氮肥对大豆孢囊线虫病的控制效果,进行了不同施肥水平的盆栽试验和田间试验,以分析氮肥对大豆孢囊线虫卵孵化和繁殖的影响,及其对大豆生长和产量的影响。盆栽试验设置了0.016,0.032,0.048,0.064 g/kg土壤4个施氮水平,分析土壤淋溶液和根系浸出液对卵孵化及线虫繁殖的影响;田间试验设置了22.50,56.25,67.50,78.75 kg/hm2 4个施氮水平,分析不同氮肥水平对孢囊减退率的影响,盆栽试验和田间试验均以不施用氮肥作为空白对照。室内盆栽试验结果表明,施氮肥后的土壤淋溶液和根系浸出液都可以显著提高卵孵化抑制率,0.032,0.064 g/kg土的土壤淋溶液中大豆孢囊线虫卵孵化抑制率较高,分别为34.21%,29.31%;0.064 g/kg土的根系浸出液中大豆孢囊线虫卵孵化抑制率最高,达55.09%,与对照相比有显著差异。田间试验表明,适量施用氮肥可以显著提高孢囊减退率,增加大豆产量。使用56.25 kg/hm2氮肥处理对线虫的防治效果最好且增产率最高,孢囊减退率达25.29%,增产率可达14.75%;而对照区孢囊数量增加了30.77%。因此,适当增施氮肥对大豆孢囊线虫病具有较好的抑制作用,可提高大豆产量和品质,该方法是一种防治大豆孢囊线虫经济安全的方法。

关键词: 大豆孢囊线虫, 氮肥, 土壤淋溶液, 根系浸出液, 线虫防治

Abstract:

In order to explore the control effect of nitrogen fertilizer on soybean cyst nematode disease,pot experiment and field experiment were carried out to analyze the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the egg hatching,nematode development of soybean cyst nematode and the yield of soybean. Four nitrogen application levels were set as 0.016,0.032,0.048,0.064 g/kg soil,respectively,to analyze the effect of soil eluviating solution and root exudate solution on egg hatching. In the field experiment,four nitrogen application levels were set as 22.50,56.25,67.50,78.75 kg/ha,respectively,to analyze the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the development of nematode. Treatment without nitrogen fertilizer was used as a blank control in all experiments. The results of pot experiment showed that both soil eluviating solution and root exudate solution could significantly improve egg hatching inhibition rate of H. glycines after nitrogen fertilizer application. The soil eluviating solution of 0.032,0.064 g/kg soil had the best inhibition effect on H. glycines egg hatching,reaching at 34.21% and 29.31%,respectively,the root exudate solution of 0.064 g/kg soil had the best inhibition effect on egg hatching of H. glycines,reaching 55.09%. The field experiment showed that proper application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly decrease cyst number but increase soybean yield. Treatment with 56.25 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer had the best control effect on nematodes and the highest yield of soybean,with cyst number decreased by 25.29% and the yield of soybean increased by 14.75%. However,the number of nematode in the control increased by 30.77%. Therefore,application of nitrogen fertilizer is an economical and safe control method to improve the yield and quality of soybean.

Key words: Heterodera glycines, Nitrogen fertilizer, Soil eluviating solution, Root exudate, Nematode control

引用本文

贾建平, 李金鸿, 于敬文, 余曦玥, 彭德良, 李惠霞, 黄文坤. 氮肥对控制大豆孢囊线虫病危害的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(4): 198-205. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192883.

JIA Jianping, LI Jinhong, YU Jingwen, YU Xiyue, PENG Deliang, LI Huixia, HUANG Wenkun. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soybean Cyst Nematode Disease[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(4): 198-205. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192883.

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