摘要： 旨在阐明硼对甘蓝型双低春油菜产量和品质形成的影响机理,明确甘蓝型双低春油菜产量和品质形成与施硼量的关系。试验以甘蓝型双低春油菜"青油14"为供试材料,采用单因素五水平随机区组设计,研究了不同施硼量对甘蓝型双低春油菜产量和品质形成的影响。结果表明:甘蓝型双低春油菜单株角果数与施硼量之间呈显著线性关系,而每角果粒数则与施硼量呈二次曲线关系,适量施硼可以协调每株角果数与每角果粒数的关系,有利于提高产量。籽粒产量与每角果粒数呈极显著正相关性(r=0.982 8**),与单株一次有效分枝数和千粒重也呈一定的正相关性,而与单株角果数则呈一定的负相关性。适量施用硼肥,可明显提高甘蓝型双低春油菜的籽粒产量和产油量,增加籽粒粗脂肪和粗蛋白质含量,而降低硫苷含量,进而改善品质。籽粒产量、产油量与施硼量之间均呈二次曲线关系,施硼量分别为17.84 kg/hm²和19.42 kg/hm2时,籽粒产量和产油量分别达到理论最大值3 154.18 kg/hm²和1 344.61kg/hm²,施硼过量,籽粒产量、产油量均下降。粗脂肪含量与施硼量之间呈单峰曲线关系,粗脂肪含量达到最大值(45.3%)时的施硼量为24.62 kg/hm²。硫苷含量与施硼量则呈开口向上的二次曲线关系,施硼量为19.42 kg/hm²时,硫苷含量为10.29 mg/g(≤30 mg/g)。试验综合考虑甘蓝型双低春油菜的籽粒产量、产油量及籽粒综合品质,提出适宜的施硼量(含硼11%)以19.42 kg/hm²为宜。

关键词: 施硼量, 甘蓝型双低春油菜, 产量, 品质

Abstract: This experiment aims to study the effects of applying boron could improve the yield and the quality of thespring double -low rape in Inner Mongolia obviously, but meanwhile the effect mechanism of applying boron on the yieldand the quality formation and fertilizer application technique perfectly.This experiment was carried out in the farm of In -ner Mongolia Agriculture University.With the research of the effects of boron on the yield and quality of rape, the influ -encing mechanism and the relationship of the yield and quality to boron concentrations each other were clarified clearly,so as to supply the methodological conduction for rape?s developing.The effect of different boron application on the yieldand quality of double -low spring rap(Qing You14)were studied. The experiment was carried out with double -low springrape ? Qing You No. 14?. Single factor, five level randomize designwas used in this experiment, and the effect of differentfertilizing application on the yield of rape and quality was studied. The results were showed as following:the siliques perplant and the amount of boron -application had a significant linear relation ship, and the seeds per plant and the amount ofboron -application had a quadratic function relation. Application fertilizer properly could adjust the relation of siliques perplant and the seeds per plant.Rapeseed yield had positive correlatronwith siliques per plant, while negative the seeds perplant, negative relevance existed. Fertilizer application properly could improve the yield and the oil content, increasing thecoarse fat and protein?s content, reducing the Glucosinolate content. Between rapeseed yield and oil content with boron -application existed a quadratic equation.The rapeseed yield and oil content could arrive the max of 3 154?18 kg/hm2and 1 344?61 kg/hm²when the boron -application were 17?84 kg/hm²and 19?42 kg/hm²?But over application could reduceyield.The max coarse fat content was 45?3% when the boron application was 24?62 kg/hm²?The glucosinolate contentand the boron -application had quadratic function relation. When the boron application was 19?42 kg/hm², the glucosino -late content was 10?29 mg/g. Considered all the factors, the best boron -application should be 19?42 kg/hm².

Key words: Boron, Spring rape(Brassica napus. L.), Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

• S565.4