摘要： 分析了河南省1977～1986年参加玉米区试的93个杂交种和辽宁省1980～1986年参加玉米区试的86个杂交种.结果表明:(1)两省参试的玉米杂交种的平均产量基本相同,但辽宁省参试玉米的穗长、穗粗、千粒重、穗行数和秃尖长等5个性状的平均值都高于河南参试玉米10%以上,出籽率低于河南1.55%.(2)河南省玉米高产杂交种的穗粒结构特征是果穗较粗、穗行数较多、千粒重较高的中穗型;辽宁省玉米高产杂交种的穗粒结构特征是果穗较长、穗行数较多、结实性好、出籽率高的大穗型.(3)两省玉米杂交种穗粒性状的差异主要是由于气象因素不同造成的.

关键词: 玉米, 穗粒性状, 生态区, 气象因素

Abstract: 1}he analysis to 9} hybrid corns in Henan and 86 in Liaoning province in regional experiments showed as follows, (1)The average yields of hybrid corn between Henan and Liaoning province were almost same, but the average value of ear length, ear diameter，weight per 1000 kernels，row number per ear, and length of seedless pe.r ear in Liaoning province was higher 10 percent than in Henan province;(2)'rhe ear一hernal structural character of high yielding hybrid corn was the mid-ear-type vrhich had larger ear diameter, more row numbers per ear and higher 4veight per 1000 lcernals in Henan and the big ear type of hybrid had a longer ear, more ro\、numbers per ear and high rate of grain yieid in liaoning;(J)1'he differences of ear一kernal characters of hybrid corn between two provinces were due to ecological and meteorological factors,

Key words: Corn, Ear-kernal character, Ecological district, Moteorologic factor