摘要： 为探讨氮、磷、钾肥对烤烟碳氮代谢关键酶活性及其经济效益影响，采用田间小区试验，测定了缺氮、缺磷、缺钾和氮磷钾正常（CK）处理烤烟不同生育时期碳氮代谢关键酶即硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）、蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS））、蔗糖合成酶（SS）和转化酶（INV）的活性变化。结果表明：在烟叶的氮代谢过程中，NR活性主要在烟叶生长发育前期起作用，与CK相比，氮、磷、钾素缺乏分别使烟叶NR活性下降35．9％，13．4％，19．5％，但移栽后85d无差异显著性；在碳代谢过程中，SPS，SS和INV活性主要在烟叶生育中期起作用，缺氮能显著降低碳代谢关键酶活性，而缺磷、钾素则表现不明显，很可能与试验田磷钾含量较高有关。缺氮处理对烟叶的产量、产值影响最大，与CK处理相比，分别降低了19．7％，13．2％，缺磷、钾素处理与CK差异不显著。因此，烤烟为达到优质高产，首先要确保氮肥供应充足，同时要适当控制磷钾肥用量。
关键词:
氮磷钾,
烤烟,
碳氮代谢,
产量,
产值
Abstract: The purpose of the paper was to study the effect of N, P, K fertilizer on the activeness of key enzymes involved in C and N metabolism during leaf development and the economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco. Four dif- ferent treatments （i. e. nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium deficiency and CK） were designed in a field experiment to study the enzyme activeness of nitrate reductase （NR）, Glutamina synthetase （GS）, sucrose phosphate syhthase （SPS）,sucrose synthase （SS） and invertase （Inv）. The results showed that NR was majored at the early growth stage of flue-cured tobacco. Compared with CK, the NR activity of N, P and K lack treatments decreased by 35.9%, 13.4% and 19.5%, respectively,but no significant difference was detected after 85 d of transplanting. In the process of carbon metabolism,the key enzymes SPS,SS and INV played a major role at the middle growth stage. N deficiency could decrease significantly the activeness of key enzyme,while P and K deficiencies had no obvious af- fect,probably because of the higher levels of phosphorus and potassium in the experiment plots. The effect of N lack on leaf yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco was the greatest compared to CK, decreased by 19.7% and 13.2% respectively,and the lack of P and K elements had no significant difference with CK. This indicated that N fertilizer should be sufficient,and P and K elements should be controlled properly in order to obtain flue-cured to- bacco with high yield and good quality.
Key words:
Nitrogen phosphorus potassium ,
Flue-cured tobacco,
Carbon and nitrogen metabolism,
Yield Out- put value
中图分类号:
赵宪凤, 刘卫群, 王树会. 氮、磷、钾对烤烟碳氮代谢关键酶活性及其经济效益的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2012, 27(4): 181-185. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.04.035.
ZHAO Xian-feng, LIU Wei-qun, WANG Shu-hui. Effects of N,P,K on Activity of Key Enzymes for Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Economic Benefit of Flue-cured Tobacco[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2012, 27(4): 181-185. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.04.035.