摘要： 研究结果表明,冬小麦拔节期1 m土层的硝态氮含量主要受基肥施氮量的影响,开花期和成熟期的硝态氮含量除了与追肥与否及追肥施氮量有关外,还受基肥施氮量的一定影响.土壤硝态氮含量的分布,在拔节期处理间差异主要在0～60 cm土层内,在开花期和成熟期则整个1 m根层内都有差异.144～213 kg/hm2的施氮量,都能维持土壤氮素的表观平衡,但以144 kg/hm2施氮量、全部基施的处理吸氮比例(作物吸氮量/施氮量)最高,残留比例(土壤残留量/作物吸氮量)最低.

关键词: 冬小麦, 施肥制度, 硝态氮, 氮肥, 限水灌溉

Abstract: T he nitrate contents in 1 m soiLprofile at stem elongation stage were mainly affected by the nitro-gen amount applied as basaLdressing.And the nitrate contents in soiLprofile at blooming stage and maturing stage were related to the nitrogen amount applied as top dressing at stem elongation stage, as welLas the nitrogen amount of basaLdressing.The differences of nitrate distribution between the treatments at stem elongation stage mainly observed in 0-60 cm soiLprofile, while the differences at blooming stage and maturing stage observed in whole 1 m soiLprofile.Finally, it is found that the apparent nitrogen balance in soi-Lwheat plant system could be maintained when 144-213 kg/ha was applied, but treatment which whole 144 kg/ha was applied as basaLdressing had a highest absorption ratio, and a lowest residuaLratio.

Key words: Winter wheat, Fertilizing system, Nitrate, Nitrogen Fertilizer, Limited irrigation

中图分类号: 

• S512.01