摘要： 为探索磷肥对土壤水分亏缺的补偿效应,研究了灌水和施磷对冬小麦耗水和产量等的影响。结果表明,冬小麦总耗水量与灌水量成正相关关系,而土壤贮水消耗量与灌水量成负相关关系;施磷能提高作物耗水量,促进深层土壤水分的消耗。灌水和施磷均能显著提高冬小麦产量;两者相比,灌水增加了单位面积穗数和提高了千粒重,而施磷仅增加了穗数。灌水对经济系数无明显影响,但明显降低水分利用效率;施磷对经济系数和水分利用效率均无明显影响。上述结果表明,冬小麦增施磷肥对限水灌溉具有一定的补偿作用。

关键词: 冬小麦, 限水灌溉, 磷肥, 耗水, 产量

Abstract: The effects of irrigation and phosphorus fertilizer on the water consumption and the yield of winter wheat plants were studied to examine the compensative effects of phosphorus fertilizer to limited water supply.The results showed that the irrigation increased total water consumption of wheat crops,and decreased the soil storage water consumption.The fertilization of phosphorus raised the ability of plants to extract the storage water in lower soil layers,and increased the total water consumption of wheat crops.The irrigation increased the grain yield by raising the ear number per area and the grain weight,and the fertilization increased the yield only by raising the ear number.The irrigation had no effects on harvest index(HI),but decreased the water use efficiency(WUE),while the fertilization did not effect both of the HI and WUE.Above results showed that the phosphorus fertilizer had a certain compensative effects to the soil water deficit coused by limited water supply for winter wheat production.

Key words: Winter wheat, Limited irrigation, Phosphorus fertilizer, Water consumption, Yield

中图分类号: 

• S512.110.7