摘要： 在位于晋西南黄土残塬沟壑区的隰县旱地进行了渗水地膜覆盖玉米种植试验。结果表明，与常规地膜覆盖比较，渗水地膜覆盖玉米增产38.3%,增产效果显着；玉米生育期0～100cm土层内土壤含水量平均提高2个百分点，天然降水的水分粮食生产效率达到23.25kg·mm-1·hm-2;当气温在35℃以下时，渗水地膜与常规微膜具有相同的增温效果，当气温在35℃以上时，渗水地膜下的增温速度明显减慢；玉米生育期株高、茎粗、鲜重、叶数、最大叶长、最大叶宽等指标都明显比常规地膜覆盖的好。

关键词: 渗水地膜, 微孔, 小雨, 玉米, 旱地

Abstract: In order to use the small rainfall resources, water osmosis plastic membrane was exploited.This membrane has many functions that may make rain penetrate into soil, prevent water evaporation from top soil, increase soil temperature, modify the maximum temperature for soil, ventilate soil, and facilitate soil ventilation.The test of maize covered with water permeability plastic membrane in dryland in Xixian county showed that :①There was 38 3% increase in maize yield and 2 percent increase in soil water at soil depth of 0-100cm for the water permeability plastic membrane than that of conventional membrane and 103% more increase in yield than no cover.②There was similar soil temperature between the water permeability membrane and normal membrane.③The rain efficiency reached 23 25kg?mm -1 ? ha for maize in 1997 for the water permeability membrane. Finally, the prospects for increasing yields of different crops in dry and semi arid land through using water permeability membrane were pionted out.

Key words: Water permeability plastic membrane, Tiny holes, Micron holes, Small rainfall, Maize, Dryland

中图分类号: 

• S345