摘要： 应用甲基磺酸乙醋(EMS)1%溶液处理四棱大麦蒙克尔,获得了隐性单基因核不育材料.遗传分析可育与不育按3∶1分离.不育性稳定,不出现中问类型,遗传行为简单,不育株率较高,易于转育.大麦是典型的自花授粉作物,所获的雄性不育株,在大田条件下由于花粉量不足,结实率变动在0.51～2.25%之间,引入开放授粉特性,对雄性不育系的利用十分重要.雄性核不育基因对雌性器官无不良作用,人工授粉不育株的结实率可达74.10～87.47%,分离出的可育株结实正常,纯合可育株育性可靠,因而作为育种工具,在轮回选择中应用有较大价值.

关键词: 大麦, 化学诱变, 雄性核不育

Abstract: The male-sterile plant which contained recessive gene was induced by cthyl-methane-sulphonate (EMS, 1%)in four rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. tetrastichum) cultivar "Mengker" . Its characters are that the tassels arc loosing ghimes are opening after heading, and anthers are arrowheaded, cream and no pollen. Hereditary analysis shown that 3 : 1 segregation between male-fertile and male-sterile plants. The sterility is stable, and no intermediate type. Hereditary behaviour is simple. This sterile ratio was higher. Thus it is easy to transfer and cultivate.Barley is a typical self-pollinated crop. Under field conditions, the percentage of seed set of gaining male-sterile plant changes from 0.51% to 2.25%, owing to the insufficient of pollen quantities. Therefore it is important to induct barley plant of cross pollination as using for male-sterile plant.The gene of male-sterile plant had no adverse effect on female organs. The percentage of seed set of artificial pollination in male-sterile plant reached 74.7-87.47%. The segregated fertile plant can seed set normally, and the fertility of pure zygote is raliable. Therefore male-sterility which is used as breeding tool in rotative selection has greater application value

Key words: Barley, Chemical mutation, Male-sterile