大麦产量相关性状一般配合力的差异分析

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2018.S1.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究大麦产量相关性状一般配合力（GCA）的差异，筛选高GCA亲本，以我国不同产区具代表性的17份大麦新品种（系）为亲本材料，两年度采用NCⅡ设计对7个产量相关性状的配合力进行方差分析。结果表明，所有性状一般配合力（GCA）与特殊配合力（Special combining ability，SCA）方差在单年度或两年度达显著或极显著水平，且GCA方差普遍大于SCA方差，表明基因加性、非加性效应同时存在，并以加性效应为主。所有性状亲本间GCA差异显著，可针对目标性状筛选到高GCA亲本，如16号亲本（95033-1）在穗粒数、千粒质量及单株粒质量3个性状上GCA值均较高，是一优良亲本。亲本性状值与其GCA值间的相关性在不同性状上表现不同，如在株高、穗下节间长、穗长及穗粒数4个性状上，两者呈极显著正相关；在单株穗数与单株粒质量上，仅单年度检测到两者呈显著或极显著正相关；而对于千粒质量，两者相关不显著。因此，前4个性状可根据亲本性状值预测其GCA大小。综上，大麦杂交育种可针对目标性状选择高GCA亲本进行组配，提高后代选择效率。

关键词: 大麦, 产量性状, 配合力, 差异, 相关性

Abstract: Seventeen representative barley new varieties (lines) were chosen from different production areas in China to investigate differences in general combining ability (GCA) of yield related traits. The experiment was carried out by NCⅡdesign to assess variances of combining ability for seven yield related traits through two growing years. The results indicated variances of GCA and special combining ability (SCA) were significant for all traits at 0.05 or 0.01 levels and in single or both two years. The variance of GCA was generally greater than that of SCA,confirming the concurrence of gene additive and non-additive effects,of which the additive effects were dominant. Significant differences were observed in GCA effects among barley parental genotypes,enabling the selection of desirable parents with high GCA.The parent 95033-1 was an excellent combiner with high GCA values for traits of grain number per spike,thousand kernel weight and grain weight per plant. The correlation between different traits and GCA were different. Highly significant correlation was found between traits of plant height,internode length below spike,spike length and grain number per spike and their GCA effects,so that the GCA effects could be predicted in terms of trait performance per se. However,the correlation was significant in only one year for number of spikes per plant and grain yield per plant and nonsignificant for thousand kernel weight. Therefore,the selective parents with high GCA effects could be utilized to increase proficiency in the selection of progeny in breeding programs.

Key words: Barley, Yield related traits, Combining ability, Difference, Correlation

中图分类号:

陈晓东, 季昌好, 赵斌, 朱斌, 王瑞. 大麦产量相关性状一般配合力的差异分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(S1): 17-21. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.S1.003.

CHEN Xiaodong, JI Changhao, ZHAO Bin, ZHU Bin, WANG Rui. Differences in General Combining Ability of Yield Related Traits in Barley[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2018, 33(S1): 17-21. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.S1.003.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2018/V33/IS1/17

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