不同密度下大麦灌浆期可溶性糖与淀粉含量的动态变化及相关分析

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192356

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明春大麦可溶性糖含量与籽粒淀粉组分含量的关系,以蒙啤3号和蒙啤5号为试材,设375,450,525,600万株/hm²共4个密度处理,于2018—2019年研究不同种植密度下大麦灌浆期叶片、茎秆和籽粒可溶性糖与淀粉组分含量的动态变化,分析了其对籽粒淀粉组分形成的影响。结果表明,2 a 2个品种各处理叶片、茎秆和籽粒可溶性糖含量随着灌浆进程均呈单峰曲线变化,峰值在花后21 d出现;随着种植密度增加先升高后降低,最大值在525万株/hm²密度处理出现。2 a 2个品种各处理籽粒总淀粉、直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量随着灌浆进程呈逐渐上升趋势,随着种植密度增加先升高后降低,峰值均为525万株/hm²处理。相关分析显示,各灌浆阶段叶片、茎秆和籽粒可溶性糖含量与成熟期籽粒淀粉组分含量均呈极显著正相关关系;通径分析显示,对成熟期籽粒总淀粉含量影响最大的是花后21 d叶片、花后7 d茎秆和籽粒可溶性糖含量,通径系数分别达到1.002 3,0.580 4和0.745 5;对直链淀粉含量影响最大的是花后35 d叶片、花后7 d茎秆和籽粒可溶性糖含量,通径系数分别达到0.776 6,0.469 7和0.715 6;对成熟期籽粒支链淀粉含量影响最大的是花后21 d叶片、花后7 d茎秆和花后14 d籽粒可溶性糖含量,通径系数分别达到1.046 9,0.638 2和0.775 6。525万株/hm²是该试验条件下提高大麦籽粒淀粉组分含量最适宜的种植密度;花后7 d茎秆和灌浆初期籽粒可溶性糖含量对大麦产量和品质提高具有重要意义。

关键词: 大麦, 可溶性糖, 淀粉组分, 相关分析

Abstract:

In order to explore the relationship between soluble sugar content and grain starch content of spring barley,Mengpi 3 and Mengpi 5 were used as test materials,and four density treatments of 3.75,4.50,5.25,6.00 million plants/ha were set.The dynamic changes of soluble sugar and starch content in leaves,stems and grains during grain filling of barley under different planting densities were studied from 2018 to 2019.Its effect on the formation of grain starch components was analyzed.The results showed that the soluble sugar content in leaves,stems and grains of 2 years and 2 varieties showed a unimodal curve with the grain filling process,and the peak value appeared on 21 days after anthesis.With the increase of planting density,the soluble sugar content in leaves,stems and grains was increased first and then decreased,with the increase of planting density,and the peak value was 5.25 million plants/ha treatment.The contents of total starch,amylose and amylopectin in grains of 2 varieties in 2 years increased gradually with the filling process,increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density,and the peak value was 5.25 million plants/ha treatment.Correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between the soluble sugar content of leaves,stems and grains at each filling stage and the starch component content of grains at maturity;the path analysis showed that the soluble sugar content of leaves,stems and grains at 21 days.After anthesis had the greatest effect on the total starch content of grains at maturity,and the path coefficients reached 1.002 3,0.580 4 and 0.745 5,respectively.The soluble sugar contents of leaves,stems and grains at 35 days after anthesis and 7 days after anthesis were the most affected on amylose content,and the path coefficients were 0.776 6,0.469 7 and 0.715 6,respectively.The soluble sugar content of leaves at 21 days after anthesis,stems at 7 days after anthesis and grains at 14 days after anthesis had the greatest effect on the amylopectin content of grains at maturity.The path coefficients were 1.046 9,0.638 2 and 0.775 6,respectively.5.25 million plants/ha was the most suitable planting density to increase the content of starch components in barley grains.The soluble sugar content of stem and grain at the beginning of grain filling 7 d after anthesis is of great significance to improve the yield and quality of barley.

Key words: Barley, Soluble sugar, Starch component, Related analysis

刘志萍, 德木其格, 马宇, 巴图, 李建波, 郭呈宇, 吕二锁, 王海泽, 王文迪, 徐寿军. 不同密度下大麦灌浆期可溶性糖与淀粉含量的动态变化及相关分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(2): 56-66. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192356.

LIU Zhiping, MA Yu, LI Jianbo, GUO Chengyu, LÜ Ersuo, WANG Haize, WANG Wendi, XU Shoujun. Changes and Correlation Analysis of Soluble Sugar and Starch Contents in Barley at Different Densities during Grain Filling[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(2): 56-66. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192356.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2022/V37/I2/56

图/表 11

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	Chen H X,Luo X L,Yuan S Y,Liu X L,Huang Y Z,Yang X,Guo Y J,Fan W J.Characteristics of starch accumulation in root tuber and soluble sugar in the stems and leaves of different cassava[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2014,45(6):972-979.
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年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	花后7 d 7 d after anthesis	花后14 d 14 d after anthesis	花后21 d 21 d after anthesis	花后28 d 28 d after anthesis	花后35 d 35 d after anthesis	成熟期 Mature stage
2018	蒙啤3号	D₁	60.4±2.0c	118.7±5.7c	243.6±9.7c	402.7±22.0c	474.4±22.3c	490.6±13.2c
		D₂	63.5±1.7c	132.7±6.1bc	273.8±10.4bc	442.4±15.4bc	482.5±15.0bc	501.4±22.0c
		D₃	80.1±2.1a	173.1±7.8a	343.5±10.2a	525.0±16.1a	569.1±21.8a	590.4±25.4a
		D₄	70.3±2.0b	150.4±6.0b	291.1±13.0b	468.3±15.1b	504.6±19.1b	534.9±23.7b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	64.0±1.6c	126.6±4.8c	276.8±13.5c	451.8±14.3d	466.8±17.0c	502.3±18.2c
		D₂	67.5±1.9bc	136.0±8.1c	306.1±9.4bc	474.9±18.9c	497.0±19.1bc	521.1±18.6bc
		D₃	82.4±2.6a	185.3±10.9a	376.7±12.3a	560.7±21.5a	596.7±19.6a	616.0±21.5a
		D₄	71.8±2.3b	156.5±7.8b	323.5±11.9b	497.0±18.5b	531.1±22.6b	566.0±23.6ab
2019	蒙啤3号	D₁	53.7±2.7c	103.5±5.0c	234.9±7.0d	403.1±17.6c	458.3±17.0d	485.7±20.8c
		D₂	58.8±2.1bc	121.5±7.6c	263.8±11.6c	448.7±15.7b	48.24±15.3c	511.8±21.8c
		D₃	77.0±2.7a	163.6±6.1a	336.9±11.8a	529.2±25.0a	553.6±1.86a	595.1±25.3a
		D₄	63.8±1.8b	142.4±5.4b	281.8±12.5b	476.6±19.1b	512.1±21.1b	550.1±23.5b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	60.0±2.2c	109.3±3.7c	267.8±9.0d	454.5±15.2c	467.6±17.7d	491.6±19.7c
		D₂	66.1±3.3bc	118.9±6.6c	302.6±12.6c	487.9±20.0bc	499.0±17.7c	512.8±18.9bc
		D₃	86.0±3.3a	171.1±7.5a	364.3±12.8a	560.1±23.9a	585.6±17.2a	611.2±22.6a
		D₄	71.0±2.5b	143.6±6.0b	322.3±12.5b	511.0±18.9b	535.0±22.0b	563.4±17.9ab

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	花后7 d 7 d after anthesis	花后14 d 14 d after anthesis	花后21 d 21 d after anthesis	花后28 d 28 d after anthesis	花后35 d 35 d after anthesis	成熟期 Mature stage
2018	蒙啤3号	D₁	60.4±2.0c	118.7±5.7c	243.6±9.7c	402.7±22.0c	474.4±22.3c	490.6±13.2c
		D₂	63.5±1.7c	132.7±6.1bc	273.8±10.4bc	442.4±15.4bc	482.5±15.0bc	501.4±22.0c
		D₃	80.1±2.1a	173.1±7.8a	343.5±10.2a	525.0±16.1a	569.1±21.8a	590.4±25.4a
		D₄	70.3±2.0b	150.4±6.0b	291.1±13.0b	468.3±15.1b	504.6±19.1b	534.9±23.7b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	64.0±1.6c	126.6±4.8c	276.8±13.5c	451.8±14.3d	466.8±17.0c	502.3±18.2c
		D₂	67.5±1.9bc	136.0±8.1c	306.1±9.4bc	474.9±18.9c	497.0±19.1bc	521.1±18.6bc
		D₃	82.4±2.6a	185.3±10.9a	376.7±12.3a	560.7±21.5a	596.7±19.6a	616.0±21.5a
		D₄	71.8±2.3b	156.5±7.8b	323.5±11.9b	497.0±18.5b	531.1±22.6b	566.0±23.6ab
2019	蒙啤3号	D₁	53.7±2.7c	103.5±5.0c	234.9±7.0d	403.1±17.6c	458.3±17.0d	485.7±20.8c
		D₂	58.8±2.1bc	121.5±7.6c	263.8±11.6c	448.7±15.7b	48.24±15.3c	511.8±21.8c
		D₃	77.0±2.7a	163.6±6.1a	336.9±11.8a	529.2±25.0a	553.6±1.86a	595.1±25.3a
		D₄	63.8±1.8b	142.4±5.4b	281.8±12.5b	476.6±19.1b	512.1±21.1b	550.1±23.5b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	60.0±2.2c	109.3±3.7c	267.8±9.0d	454.5±15.2c	467.6±17.7d	491.6±19.7c
		D₂	66.1±3.3bc	118.9±6.6c	302.6±12.6c	487.9±20.0bc	499.0±17.7c	512.8±18.9bc
		D₃	86.0±3.3a	171.1±7.5a	364.3±12.8a	560.1±23.9a	585.6±17.2a	611.2±22.6a
		D₄	71.0±2.5b	143.6±6.0b	322.3±12.5b	511.0±18.9b	535.0±22.0b	563.4±17.9ab

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	花后7 d 7 d after anthesis	花后14 d 14 d after anthesis	花后21 d 21 d after anthesis	花后28 d 28 d after anthesis	花后35 d 35 d after anthesis	成熟期 Mature stage
2018	蒙啤3号	D₁	60.4±2.0c	118.7±5.7c	243.6±9.7c	402.7±22.0c	474.4±22.3c	490.6±13.2c
		D₂	63.5±1.7c	132.7±6.1bc	273.8±10.4bc	442.4±15.4bc	482.5±15.0bc	501.4±22.0c
		D₃	80.1±2.1a	173.1±7.8a	343.5±10.2a	525.0±16.1a	569.1±21.8a	590.4±25.4a
		D₄	70.3±2.0b	150.4±6.0b	291.1±13.0b	468.3±15.1b	504.6±19.1b	534.9±23.7b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	64.0±1.6c	126.6±4.8c	276.8±13.5c	451.8±14.3d	466.8±17.0c	502.3±18.2c
		D₂	67.5±1.9bc	136.0±8.1c	306.1±9.4bc	474.9±18.9c	497.0±19.1bc	521.1±18.6bc
		D₃	82.4±2.6a	185.3±10.9a	376.7±12.3a	560.7±21.5a	596.7±19.6a	616.0±21.5a
		D₄	71.8±2.3b	156.5±7.8b	323.5±11.9b	497.0±18.5b	531.1±22.6b	566.0±23.6ab
2019	蒙啤3号	D₁	53.7±2.7c	103.5±5.0c	234.9±7.0d	403.1±17.6c	458.3±17.0d	485.7±20.8c
		D₂	58.8±2.1bc	121.5±7.6c	263.8±11.6c	448.7±15.7b	482.4±15.3c	511.8±21.8c
		D₃	77.0±2.7a	163.6±6.1a	336.9±11.8a	529.2±25.0a	553.6±18.6a	595.1±25.3a
		D₄	63.8±1.8b	142.4±5.4b	281.8±12.5b	476.6±19.1b	512.1±21.1b	550.1±23.5b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	60.0±2.2c	109.3±3.7c	267.8±9.0d	454.5±15.2c	467.6±17.7d	491.6±19.7c
		D₂	66.1±3.3bc	118.9±6.6c	302.6±12.6c	487.9±20.0bc	499.0±17.7c	512.8±18.9bc
		D₃	86.0±3.3a	171.1±7.5a	364.3±12.8a	560.1±23.9a	585.6±17.2a	611.2±22.6a
		D₄	71.0±2.5b	143.6±6.0b	322.3±12.5b	511.0±18.9b	535.0±22.0b	563.4±17.9ab

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	花后7 d 7 d after anthesis	花后14 d 14 d after anthesis	花后21 d 21 d after anthesis	花后28 d 28 d after anthesis	花后35 d 35 d after anthesis	成熟期 Mature stage
2018	蒙啤3号	D₁	60.4±2.0c	118.7±5.7c	243.6±9.7c	402.7±22.0c	474.4±22.3c	490.6±13.2c
		D₂	63.5±1.7c	132.7±6.1bc	273.8±10.4bc	442.4±15.4bc	482.5±15.0bc	501.4±22.0c
		D₃	80.1±2.1a	173.1±7.8a	343.5±10.2a	525.0±16.1a	569.1±21.8a	590.4±25.4a
		D₄	70.3±2.0b	150.4±6.0b	291.1±13.0b	468.3±15.1b	504.6±19.1b	534.9±23.7b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	64.0±1.6c	126.6±4.8c	276.8±13.5c	451.8±14.3d	466.8±17.0c	502.3±18.2c
		D₂	67.5±1.9bc	136.0±8.1c	306.1±9.4bc	474.9±18.9c	497.0±19.1bc	521.1±18.6bc
		D₃	82.4±2.6a	185.3±10.9a	376.7±12.3a	560.7±21.5a	596.7±19.6a	616.0±21.5a
		D₄	71.8±2.3b	156.5±7.8b	323.5±11.9b	497.0±18.5b	531.1±22.6b	566.0±23.6ab
2019	蒙啤3号	D₁	53.7±2.7c	103.5±5.0c	234.9±7.0d	403.1±17.6c	458.3±17.0d	485.7±20.8c
		D₂	58.8±2.1bc	121.5±7.6c	263.8±11.6c	448.7±15.7b	482.4±15.3c	511.8±21.8c
		D₃	77.0±2.7a	163.6±6.1a	336.9±11.8a	529.2±25.0a	553.6±18.6a	595.1±25.3a
		D₄	63.8±1.8b	142.4±5.4b	281.8±12.5b	476.6±19.1b	512.1±21.1b	550.1±23.5b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	60.0±2.2c	109.3±3.7c	267.8±9.0d	454.5±15.2c	467.6±17.7d	491.6±19.7c
		D₂	66.1±3.3bc	118.9±6.6c	302.6±12.6c	487.9±20.0bc	499.0±17.7c	512.8±18.9bc
		D₃	86.0±3.3a	171.1±7.5a	364.3±12.8a	560.1±23.9a	585.6±17.2a	611.2±22.6a
		D₄	71.0±2.5b	143.6±6.0b	322.3±12.5b	511.0±18.9b	535.0±22.0b	563.4±17.9ab

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	花后7 d 7 d after anthesis	花后14 d 14 d after anthesis	花后21 d 21 d after anthesis	花后28 d 28 d after anthesis	花后35 d 35 d after anthesis	成熟期 Mature stage
2018	蒙啤3号	D₁	50.6±1.8c	88.3±5.5c	169.4±9.2c	288.2±21.3c	349.1±23.1b	349.2±13.3c
		D₂	53.2±1.9bc	101.8±6.3bc	199.1±11.4bc	326.0±16.3bc	355.2±16.4b	357.7±19.1c
		D₃	67.7±2.3a	139.8±7.7a	264.5±9.6a	404.5±18.1a	429.4±21.5a	429.1±22.1a
		D₄	59.3±2.1b	118.7±5.9b	215.2±12.5b	350.7±14.1ab	372.3±17.2b	383.4±21.6b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	49.2±1.6c	91.8±4.9c	193.9±13.3c	332.0±15.1d	337.7±16.7c	355.3±19.9b
		D₂	52.3±2.1bc	100.7±7.8c	222.6±9.3bc	354.2±19.5c	366.8±19.0bc	369.8±17.9b
		D₃	65.5±3.0a	146.8±10.5a	290.0±12.5a	434.3±22.0a	455.6±16.8a	448.8±22.1a
		D₄	55.9±2.1b	119.9±7.6b	239.0±12.9b	374.4±20.4b	397.4±20.1b	409.9±24.8ab
2019	蒙啤3号	D₁	45.3±2.7c	73.8±4.9c	164.4±7.9d	286.6±19.7c	331.8±18.2d	344.1±20.8c
		D₂	50.0±2.1bc	91.7±7.7bc	192.5±12.1c	330.4±17.3c	354.4±16.3c	363.9±23.3bc
		D₃	66.3±2.7a	130.8±6.3a	260.8±13.5a	403.0±26.4a	418.5±21.5a	430.5±21.8a
		D₄	54.4±1.9b	111.5±5.4ab	208.5±13.7b	354.9±21.3b	381.1±22.6b	395.2±21.0b
	蒙啤5号	D₁	44.4±2.1c	73.1±3.6c	191.1±10.4d	331.2±17.1c	337.1±15.8c	344.1±17.6c
		D₂	50.1±3.5bc	82.3±6.8c	225.1±14.3c	363.0±22.6bc	367.0±16.7c	360.2±16.7bc
		D₃	68.1±3.3a	132.1±7.4a	280.8±13.8a	428.3±24.3a	442.0±15.9a	444.0±25.0a
		D₄	54.3±2.8b	106.0±6.2b	242.7±13.9b	384.2±18.9ab	399.9±25.0b	404.0±15.0ab

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