摘要： 为了挖掘耐低氮大麦种质资源。采用水培试验，设正常供氮和低氮胁迫2个处理，通过根长、株高、分蘖数和干质量等指标对19份大麦地方品种的耐低氮特性进行筛选和鉴定。方差分析表明，各性状在不同供氮水平和品种间均有极显著差异，并且供氮水平和品种间的互作作用达到极显著水平，表明低氮胁迫水平设置合理，各品种也表现出对低氮胁迫反应不同。变异分析表明，2种供氮条件下大麦的分蘖数和干质量变异系数均较大，说明这些指标在品种间的差异明显，较适合作为耐低氮筛选指标，而株高性状受基因型差异的影响较小，不适合作为耐低氮品种筛选指标。相关性分析表明，正常供氮条件下，大麦干质量与其他指标均呈极显著正相关，低氮胁迫下，也表现出了相似的趋势，只是相关性程度有所下降，并且地上部干质量与根长、分蘖数仅呈显著正相关关系。鉴于生物量在耐低氮鉴定评价中的重要作用，对低氮胁迫和正常供氮条件下大麦的地上部干质量进一步进行比较，t测验表明，大麦品种B929、B942、B945、B968和B974在正常供氮和低氮胁迫间地上部干质量无明显差异，说明这5个大麦品种具有较强的耐低氮能力，同时该判断标准也弥补了仅利用相对值来判断耐低氮性的不足。另外，研究大麦地上部干质量指标和氮素吸收利用相关指标在耐低氮中的关系，发现同时考虑氮素吸收和利用相关性状才可能对大麦品种耐低氮性进行判断。

关键词: 大麦, 低氮胁迫, 筛选指标, 干质量

Abstract: To obtain the barley germplasms with low nitrogen tolerance for breeding, 19 barley landraces from Shanghai region were selected to screen and identify the low nitrogen tolerance. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to evaluate the low nitrogen tolerance of barley at seedling stage under two environments of normal nitrogen supply and low nitrogen stress, taking root length, plant height, tiller number, root dry weight and shoot dry weight as the evaluating indices. The ANOVA analysis showed that there were extremely significant differences between the two nitrogen supply levels and among different barley landraces, and there were also extremely significant interactions between nitrogen levels and barley landraces. The coefficient of variation indicated that the tiller number and dry weights had high variation coefficients and were more suitable for screening barley landraces with low nitrogen tolerance, while the plant height had low variation coefficient and was not a suitable screening index. The correlation analysis suggested that there were extremely significantly positive correlations between dry weight and other indices under normal nitrogen supply, and the trend was similar under low nitrogen stress though its correlation was some lower. Based on the importance of biomass for low nitrogen tolerance evaluation, we further compared shoot dry weight between normal nitrogen supply and low nitrogen stress, and the t -test revealed that five barley landraces (B929, B942, B945, B968 and B974) had the low nitrogen tolerance, meanwhile this criterion was more precise for evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance than the relative value. Furthermore, we investigated the correlations between shoot dry weight and nitrogen uptake or utilization related traits, and found that the latter two traits should be considered together for evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance in barley.

Key words: Barley, Low nitrogen stress, Screening index, Dry weight

中图分类号: 

• S143.1

• S512.3

• S326