摘要： 为了解大麦籽粒阿拉伯木聚糖相关性状的遗传规律及遗传特征，以Steptoe和Morex的DH群体为材料，利用植物数量性状主基因+多基因遗传模型分析方法，对大麦籽粒总阿拉伯木聚糖、水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖、不溶性阿拉伯木聚糖和不溶性阿拉伯木聚糖/水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖比值等4个性状在四川4个环境种植下的遗传特征进行了分析。结果表明，在不同的年份和不同基因型间的大麦籽粒阿拉伯木聚糖含量均呈显著差异（P <0.01），基因型与年份的互作也显著影响籽粒阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异（P <0.01）。籽粒总阿拉伯木聚糖在2012年羊马环境受3对完全等加性主基因调控，在2013年羊马环境则受2对具有互补性特征的主基因调控，南充和雅安环境则分别受到2对互补主基因和1对加性主基因调控。而籽粒水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖在2012年羊马环境、2013年羊马环境、南充环境和雅安环境则分别受到2对加性主基因、3对完全等加性主基因、4对完全等加性主基因和4对加性上位性主基因调控，不溶性与水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖之比性状2012年羊马环境、2013年羊马环境、南充环境和雅安环境则分别受到2对加性上位性主基因、4对加性上位性主基因、2对互补性主基因和4对加性上位性主基因调控。除了南充环境下不溶性阿拉伯木聚糖受到3对完全等加性主基因调控，其余环境下的不溶性阿拉伯木聚糖遗传模型则与该环境下的籽粒总阿拉伯木聚糖模型相同。同时发现，所有主基因的遗传力都较高，从0.514~0.994，大麦阿拉伯木聚糖在不同年份具有不同遗传模型结果支持了控制植物代谢途径基因的表达具有时间与空间性的结论。

关键词: 大麦, 阿拉伯木聚糖, 主基因+多基因模型, 遗传特征

Abstract: To understand genetics factors of barley arabinoxylan and relative substance,the phenotypingdata of traits including total arabinoxylan(TAX),water-extractable arabinoxylan(WEAX),unwater-extractable arabinoxylan(WUAX),the ratio of unwater-extracted arabinoxylan(WUAX) and water-extracted arabinoxylan(WEAX) were characterized from a DH population which derived from a cross between Steptoe and Morex.Meanwhile,a methodology named "mixed major gene plus poly-gene inheritance model" was applied to resolving the genetic model of those traits.The variance results indicated that the significant different in grain arabinoxylan trait was available among year and offspring(P <0.01),while the interaction between genotype and year also significantly controlling the grain arabinoxylan content among offspring (P <0.01),the genetics model of TAX was fitted for three completely equal major genes with additive affect inheritance model in 2012-Yangma environment but two complementary effect major gene,two complementary effect major gene and one additive affect major gene in 2013-Yangma,Nanchong and Ya'an environment,respectively.WEAX in 2012-Yangma,2013-Yangma,Nanchong and Ya'an were controlled by two equal major genes with additive affect,three completely equal major genes with additive effect,four completely equal major genes with additive affect and four major genes expressing in model of additive epistatic effect,respectively.The genetics model of WUAX/WEAX(UE) was fitted for two major genes with additive-epistatic effect inheritance model in 2012-Yangma,as four additive-epistatic major gene,two complementary effect major gene,four additive-epistatic major gene in 2013-Yangma,Nanchong and Ya'an environment.Apart from Nanchong,the genetics model of WUAX were the same as TAX in each environment. WUAX was controlled by three equal major genes with additive effect in Nanchong environment. The highly heritability of major gene controlling arabinoxylan variation in barley was identified in this research,which ranged from 0.514 to 0.994. The results indicated that inheritance of arabinoxylan showed slightly different in different year for the temporal and spatial expression of plant metabolism genes.

Key words: Barley, Arabinoxylan, Major gene plus poly-gene model, Inheritance characteristics

中图分类号: 

• S513.03