摘要： 为给江淮麦区饲料大麦生产氮肥合理施用提供参考,于2012-2014年连续2年以盐丰1号和扬饲麦1号2个饲料大麦品种为试验材料,研究了不同氮肥用量与运筹比例对大麦籽粒产量与品质的影响。结果表明,氮肥用量增加使2个品种的产量随之增加,施氮量从A1(90 kg/hm²)增至A2(210 kg/hm²)时,盐丰1号、扬饲麦1号平均产量分别增加16.4%,31.6%,施氮量从A2增至A3(330 kg/hm²)时,处理间产量差异不显著;相同施氮量不同运筹比例对2个品种产量影响不明显;对于籽粒品质,施氮量从A1增至A2时,盐丰1号与扬饲麦1号籽粒蛋白质含量增幅分别为8.6%~10.2%和8.8%~10.8%,施氮量从A2增至A3时,籽粒蛋白质含量也有增加,但未达显著水平;施氮量的增加使2个品种籽粒淀粉含量略有下降,但降幅不明显;相同施氮量不同运筹比例对2个品种籽粒品质影响不显著。氮肥处理下产量与农艺性状相关分析表明,用氮肥来调控大麦产量可能主要是通过调控穗粒数与穗数来实现增产。综合考虑,建议在江淮麦区生产上大麦氮肥施用方案为,总施氮量为210 kg/hm²,氮肥运 筹比例为基肥:拔节肥:穗肥以5:2:3或6:2:2为宜。

关键词: 氮肥用量, 氮肥运筹, 饲料大麦, 产量, 品质

Abstract: To provide a guideline for nitrogen fertilizer application in barley production in Jianghuai wheat region,two barley cultivars Yanfeng No.1 and Yangsimai No.1 were used as experimental materials through two consecutive years of 2012-2014 to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates and ratios on grain yield and quality in barley.The results indicated the yields of Yanfeng No.1 and Yangsimai No.1 were improved by ratio of 16.4% and 31.6% respectively with the increment of nitrogen application rates from A1 (90 kg/ha) to A2 (210 kg/ha),while no significant discrepancies in yields were observed between treatments A2 and A3 (330 kg/ha).As for grain quality,grain protein contents of Yanfeng No.1 and Yangsimai No.1 were increased with the range of 8.6%- 10.2% and 8.8%-10.8% respectively,with the increment of nitrogen application rates from A1 to A2,while slight increase of grain protein contents was obtained with the increment of nitrogen application rates from A2 to A3.Starch contents appreciably decreased with the increment of nitrogen application rates.Both grain yield and quality presented to be little affected by two different nitrogen ratios in this study.Correlation analysis between yield and agronomic traits showed number of spikes and panicles per spike might contribute to the improvement of yield under the condition of nitrogen fertilizer application.Based on analyses aforementioned, it is recommended that the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer in barley production should be 210 kg/ha followed by application ratios of 5:2:3 or 6:2:2 during sowing,jointing and booting stages in Jianghuai wheat region.

Key words: Nitrogen fertilizer rates, Nitrogen fertilizer ratio, Feed barley, Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

• S143.1