摘要： 探究土壤强还原灭菌条件下添加橘皮对土壤理化性状与酶活性的影响，为我国丰富的橘皮资源在农业生产中的有效利用提供理论依据。以橘皮为有机物料，采用土培试验的方法，橘皮添加量共设置3个水平（0，0.25%，0.50%），在土壤水达饱和后覆膜，室温灭菌40 d，研究了添加橘皮后土壤理化性状及相关酶活性的变化，并对土壤理化性状与酶活性进行了相关性分析。结果表明：与灭菌前相比，灭菌处理的土壤碱解氮、速效磷与有机质含量均显著增加，pH值显著上升；灭菌条件下，橘皮添加量为0.25%处理的土壤碱解氮、速效磷及有机质含量分别为无橘皮处理的1.10，1.22，1.11倍。此外，与灭菌前相比，土壤脲酶与磷酸酶活性也显著增强，灭菌条件下，橘皮添加量为0.25%处理的脲酶活性与0.50%处理的土壤磷酸酶活性分别为无橘皮处理的1.69，1.46倍。灭菌前，土壤脲酶活性与pH值呈显著负相关，灭菌后，脲酶活性与pH值转变为正相关关系，同时，添加橘皮处理的土壤脲酶活性与有机质也呈正相关，橘皮添加量为0.50%处理的土壤磷酸酶活性与速效磷含量呈显著正相关。因此，土壤强还原灭菌条件下，橘皮添加量为0.25%可显著改善土壤碱解氮与速效磷水平，而橘皮添加量为0.50%的土壤pH值显著上升，速效钾含量显著提高。土壤强还原灭菌时添加橘皮对提高土壤肥力是有益的。

关键词: 橘皮, 强还原灭菌, 土壤理化性状, 酶活性, 相关性

Abstract: The effects of citrus peels addition on soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities were explored under the condition of reductive soil disinfestation, so as to provide theoretical basis for effective utilization of abundant citrus peels resources in agricultural production. A soil culture experiment was conducted and citrus peels was selected as organic material in reductive soil disinfestation. Three citrus peels addition levels(0, 0.25%, 0.50%)were designed, and the soil mixed with citrus peels were covered with film after the water content reaches saturation. Kept it for 40 days at room temperature. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties and related enzyme activities were studied, and the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities was analyzed. The results showed that compared with pre-sterilization, the contents of alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter of sterilized soil increased significantly, and the pH value increased significantly. Under the condition of RSD, the contents of alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter of soil treated with 0.25% citrus peels application were 1.10, 1.22, 1.11 times of those treated without citrus peel application respectively. In addition, soil urease and phosphatase activities were significantly enhanced compared with those before RSD. Under the condition of RSD, the urease activities of the treatment adding 0.25% citrus peels and phosphatase activities of the treatment adding 0.50% citrus peels were 1.69, 1.46 times of those without citrus peels respectively. Before RSD, urease activity was significantly negatively correlated with pH, however, after RSD, urease activity and pH changed into a positive correlation. Meanwhile, urease activity was also positively correlated with the organic matter contents of soil added citrus peels and phosphatase activity of soil added 0.50% citrus peels could significantly positively correlated with the content of available phosphorus. Therefore, adding 0.25% citrus peels could significantly improve the soil alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus level, while the pH and available potassium significantly increased by adding 0.50% citrus peels could significantly increase the soil pH and enhance the soil potassium supply level, meanwhile, it promoted the accumulation of soil organic matter on some degree. It is beneficial to improve soil fertility by adding citrus peels, when soil was reductive disinfested.

Key words: Citrus peels, Reductive soil disinfestation, Soil physical and chemical properties, Enzyme activities, Correlation

中图分类号: 

• S38