Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Treatments on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Kidney Beans

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196401

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the effects of different nitrogen application treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of kidney beans,in 2023 and 2024,four nitrogen fertilizer treatments,0(N0),45(N45),90(N90),and 135 kg/ha(N135),were set up using British Red kidney bean as experimental material to analyze the effects of different nitrogen treatments on the leaf area index,relative chlorophyll content,aboveground dry matter weight,yield components and planting benefits.The results showed that under the nitrogen fertilizer treatment of 0-135 kg/ha,the photosynthetic characteristics,aboveground dry matter weight,and yield of kidney bean increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level.All indicators were significantly higher in N135 and N90 treatments than in N45 and N0 treatments.The leaf area index,relative chlorophyll content,aboveground dry matter weight,number of pods per plant,number of grains per pod,100-grain weight,and yield of kidney beans were all the highest compared to the N0 treatment,increasing by 14.71%-19.09%, 15.06%-19.45%, 25.37%-51.58%, 13.62%-18.20%, 8.50%-10.11%, 12.11%-16.35%,and 16.94%-18.03%,respectively;the average yield was 3 202.99 kg/ha.The increase in the above indicators under N90 treatment was second only to that under N135 treatment,which were 12.18%-17.15%, 13.87%-17.97%, 17.51%-31.45%, 12.03%-16.37%, 6.32%-7.91%, 9.88%-13.69%, and 16.23%-17.77%,respectively.Under the N90 treatment,the planting net profit of kidney bean was the highest,at 45 596.85 yuan/ha,followed by the N135 treatment.Compared with the N0 treatment, the net profit increased by 16.63% under N90 and by 16.56% under N135.Applying nitrogen fertilizer improves photosynthetic characteristics and promotes dry matter accumulation by increasing leaf area index and relative chlorophyll content,thereby increasing yield and planting benefit.The highest yield of kidney beans was achieved under the N135 treatment,followed by the N90 treatment.The N90 treatment resulted in the highest profit for kidney beans.In terms of comprehensive kidney bean yield and profit,90 kg/ha nitrogen application treatment(N90)is the nitrogen fertilizer application amount that ensures stable and high yield of kidney bean and maximizes planting profit,and can be promoted and applied in the central regions of Inner Mongolia.

Key words: Kidney bean, Leaf area index, Relative chlorophyll content, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield

CLC Number:

FAN Yafang, LIU Jian, Temuer, CHEN Wenjin, HE Xiaoyong, CHENG Yuchen, ZHANG Sainan, ZHAO Xiaoyu, ZHANG Bizhou, ZHANG Jiangang, WANG Hui. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Treatments on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Kidney Beans[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(3): 107-115. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196401.

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References 39

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	单株荚数 Number of pods per plant	单荚粒数 Number of grains per pod	百粒质量/g 100-grain weight	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield
2023	N0	15.05±0.56c	4.59±0.02c	39.97±0.25d	2 731.92±66.48c
	N45	15.90±0.40b	4.74±0.04b	41.78±0.56c	2 951.48±39.77b
	N90	16.86±0.08a	4.88±0.08a	43.92±0.41b	3 175.20±9.63a
	N135	17.10±0.09a	4.98±0.10a	44.81±0.52a	3 194.65±38.51a
2024	N0	14.78±0.37c	4.55±0.05c	39.52±0.64d	2 720.80±20.56c
	N45	16.06±0.51b	4.74±0.05b	42.67±0.89c	2 965.37±19.70b
	N90	17.20±0.60ab	4.91±0.05a	44.93±0.66b	3 204.38±15.78a
	N135	17.47±0.58a	5.01±0.14a	45.98±0.77a	3 211.33±6.37a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	单株荚数 Number of pods per plant	单荚粒数 Number of grains per pod	百粒质量/g 100-grain weight	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield
2023	N0	15.05±0.56c	4.59±0.02c	39.97±0.25d	2 731.92±66.48c
	N45	15.90±0.40b	4.74±0.04b	41.78±0.56c	2 951.48±39.77b
	N90	16.86±0.08a	4.88±0.08a	43.92±0.41b	3 175.20±9.63a
	N135	17.10±0.09a	4.98±0.10a	44.81±0.52a	3 194.65±38.51a
2024	N0	14.78±0.37c	4.55±0.05c	39.52±0.64d	2 720.80±20.56c
	N45	16.06±0.51b	4.74±0.05b	42.67±0.89c	2 965.37±19.70b
	N90	17.20±0.60ab	4.91±0.05a	44.93±0.66b	3 204.38±15.78a
	N135	17.47±0.58a	5.01±0.14a	45.98±0.77a	3 211.33±6.37a

指标 Index	开花期叶面积指数 LAI in R3	结荚期叶面积指数 LAI in R6	成熟期叶面积指数 LAI in R8	开花期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R3	结荚期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R6	成熟期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R8	开花期地上部干物质量 Aboveground dry matter weight in R3	结荚期地上部干物质量 Aboveground dry matter weight in R6	成熟期地上部干物质量 Aboveground dry matter weight in R8	单株荚数 Number of pods per plant	单荚粒数 Number of grains per pod	百粒质量 100-grain weight	产量 Yield
开花期叶面积指数 LAI in R3	1.000
结荚期叶面积指数 LAI in R6	0.983^**	1.000
成熟期叶面积指数 LAI in R8	0.995^**	0.989^**	1.000
开花期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R3	0.987^**	0.976^**	0.981^**	1.000
结荚期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R6	0.980^**	0.991^**	0.985^**	0.990^**	1.000
成熟期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R8	0.985^**	0.989^**	0.987^**	0.996^**	0.999^**	1.000
开花期地上部干物质量	0.934^**	0.905^**	0.921^**	0.964^**	0.947^**	0.955^**	1.000
Aboveground dry matter weight in R3
结荚期地上部干物质量	0.933^**	0.906^**	0.915^**	0.957^**	0.941^**	0.949^**	0.993^**	1.000
Aboveground dry matter weight in R6
成熟期地上部干物质量	0.928^**	0.912^**	0.914^**	0.958^**	0.948^**	0.954^**	0.992^**	0.998^**	1.000
Aboveground dry matter weight in R8
单株荚数Number of pods per plant	0.984^**	0.973^**	0.984^**	0.992^**	0.991^**	0.993^**	0.967^**	0.956^**	0.958^**	1.000
单荚粒数Number of grains per pod	0.972^**	0.958^**	0.962^**	0.988^**	0.981^**	0.985^**	0.986^**	0.986^**	0.987^**	0.989^**	1.000
百粒质量 100-grain weight	0.971^**	0.958^**	0.974^**	0.983^**	0.983^**	0.985^**	0.977^**	0.965^**	0.966^**	0.995^**	0.987^**	1.000
产量 Yield	0.990^**	0.990^**	0.991^**	0.996^**	0.995^**	0.998^**	0.942^**	0.935^**	0.938^**	0.991^**	0.978^**	0.978^**	1.000

指标 Index	开花期叶面积指数 LAI in R3	结荚期叶面积指数 LAI in R6	成熟期叶面积指数 LAI in R8	开花期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R3	结荚期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R6	成熟期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R8	开花期地上部干物质量 Aboveground dry matter weight in R3	结荚期地上部干物质量 Aboveground dry matter weight in R6	成熟期地上部干物质量 Aboveground dry matter weight in R8	单株荚数 Number of pods per plant	单荚粒数 Number of grains per pod	百粒质量 100-grain weight	产量 Yield
开花期叶面积指数 LAI in R3	1.000
结荚期叶面积指数 LAI in R6	0.983^**	1.000
成熟期叶面积指数 LAI in R8	0.995^**	0.989^**	1.000
开花期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R3	0.987^**	0.976^**	0.981^**	1.000
结荚期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R6	0.980^**	0.991^**	0.985^**	0.990^**	1.000
成熟期的叶绿素相对含量 SPAD in R8	0.985^**	0.989^**	0.987^**	0.996^**	0.999^**	1.000
开花期地上部干物质量	0.934^**	0.905^**	0.921^**	0.964^**	0.947^**	0.955^**	1.000
Aboveground dry matter weight in R3
结荚期地上部干物质量	0.933^**	0.906^**	0.915^**	0.957^**	0.941^**	0.949^**	0.993^**	1.000
Aboveground dry matter weight in R6
成熟期地上部干物质量	0.928^**	0.912^**	0.914^**	0.958^**	0.948^**	0.954^**	0.992^**	0.998^**	1.000
Aboveground dry matter weight in R8
单株荚数Number of pods per plant	0.984^**	0.973^**	0.984^**	0.992^**	0.991^**	0.993^**	0.967^**	0.956^**	0.958^**	1.000
单荚粒数Number of grains per pod	0.972^**	0.958^**	0.962^**	0.988^**	0.981^**	0.985^**	0.986^**	0.986^**	0.987^**	0.989^**	1.000
百粒质量 100-grain weight	0.971^**	0.958^**	0.974^**	0.983^**	0.983^**	0.985^**	0.977^**	0.965^**	0.966^**	0.995^**	0.987^**	1.000
产量 Yield	0.990^**	0.990^**	0.991^**	0.996^**	0.995^**	0.998^**	0.942^**	0.935^**	0.938^**	0.991^**	0.978^**	0.978^**	1.000

处理 Treatment	支出(元/hm²)Expenditure			总支出/(元/hm²) Total expenditure	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield	总收入/(元/hm²) Gross income	净利润/(元/hm²) Net profit
处理 Treatment	氮肥 Nitrogenous fertilizer	种子 Seed	除草浇水 Hoeing and watering	总支出/(元/hm²) Total expenditure	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield	总收入/(元/hm²) Gross income	净利润/(元/hm²) Net profit
N0	0	1 000	800	1 800	2 726.36	40 895.44	39 095.44
N45	225	1 000	800	2 025	2 958.42	44 376.34	42 351.34
N90	450	1 000	800	2 250	3 189.79	47 846.85	45 596.85
N135	675	1 000	800	2 475	3 202.99	48 044.85	45 569.85

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