Effects of Nitrogen Application on Nitrogen Accumulation,Transport, Yield and Quality of Soft Wheat under Weak Light Stress after Anthesis

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195509

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of nitrogen application rate on nitrogen uptake and translocation characteristics,nitrogen use efficiency,and the formation mechanisms of yield and quality in soft wheat under weak light stress during the after anthesis stage,under pot conditions,the soft wheat variety Quanmai 725(QM725)was used as the material,and the ¹⁵N tracer method was used.Two nitrogen rates were set in the experiment,namely N1(N 120 kg/ha),N2(N 180 kg/ha),and two shading treatments were set at the wheat filling stage(7-35 d after anthesis)under each nitrogen application rate,namely CK(no shading),SH(30% shading).The relationship between nitrogen application rate and grain yield and quality of soft wheat under weak light after anthesis was analyzed,and the effects of different nitrogen application rates on nitrogen accumulation,transport,grain yield and quality of soft wheat under weak light after anthesis were studied.The results showed that compared with the control,under the conditions of N1 and N2,the nitrogen accumulation of plants at flowering stage and vegetative organs at maturity stage was significantly reduced by weak light treatment after anthesis,and the proportion of nitrogen from fertiliser was significantly higher than that from soil nitrogen,while the proportion of nitrogen accumulation in grains at maturity stage from soil nitrogen was significantly higher than that from fertiliser nitrogen.Under the same nitrogen application rate,the proportion of basal nitrogen fertiliser was greater than that of topdressing nitrogen fertiliser.Under the same weak light treatment conditions,compared with N1,N2 increased the accumulation of fertiliser nitrogen at flowering stage,the accumulation of total nitrogen and fertiliser nitrogen at maturity stage,and the accumulation of total nitrogen,fertiliser nitrogen and soil nitrogen at maturity stage.Under N1 and N2 treatments,the nitrogen harvest index,nitrogen harvest index,nitrogen production efficiency,grain number per spike,1000-grain weight and grain yield of wheat decreased significantly with the decrease of light intensity after anthesis.The content and accumulation of protein and starch in soft wheat grains increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.However,under the same nitrogen application rate,weak light stress reduced the starch content,protein and starch accumulation in grains.Weak light stress after anthesis significantly affected the nitrogen accumulation of soft wheat plants,reduced the transport efficiency of storage substances from vegetative organs to grains after anthesis,resulting in a decrease in the contribution rate of vegetative organs to grains,which was not conducive to the overall nitrogen transport efficiency of plants.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the nitrogen harvest index,nitrogen harvest index,nitrogen production efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat were significantly improved.Under the same nitrogen application rate of N1 and N2,after anthesis weak light stress significantly reduced the accumulation of protein and starch in soft wheat grains,which in turn affected the formation of grain weight,resulting in a decrease in yield.

Key words: Soft wheat, Nitrogen application rate, Weak light, ¹⁵N tracer, Nitrogen accumulation and transport, Yield, Quality

CLC Number:

YANG Tingting, LI Jing, ZHANG Ruilian, CHEN Juan, YAN Suhui, WANG Jianlai, LI Wenyang. Effects of Nitrogen Application on Nitrogen Accumulation,Transport, Yield and Quality of Soft Wheat under Weak Light Stress after Anthesis[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(4): 136-145. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195509.

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References 43

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处理 Treatment	光照强度/(μmol/(m²·s)) Light intensity	CO₂浓度/(μmol/mol) CO₂ concentration	温度/℃ Air temperature	湿度/% Humidity
CK	1 265.64±549.05a	437.38±4.36a	23.81±3.59a	35.29±2.78a
SH	836.01±364.99b	438.89±6.66a	24.36±3.63a	36.09±1.87a

处理 Treatment	光照强度/(μmol/(m²·s)) Light intensity	CO₂浓度/(μmol/mol) CO₂ concentration	温度/℃ Air temperature	湿度/% Humidity
CK	1 265.64±549.05a	437.38±4.36a	23.81±3.59a	35.29±2.78a
SH	836.01±364.99b	438.89±6.66a	24.36±3.63a	36.09±1.87a

处理 Treatment		积累量/(mg/株) Accumulation amount					比例/% Ratio
		总氮 TNAA	肥料氮NDFF			土壤氮 NDFS	肥料氮NDFF			土壤氮 NDFS
		总氮 TNAA	基肥氮 NDFBF	追肥氮 NDFTF	基肥氮+追肥氮 NDFBF+NDFTF	土壤氮 NDFS	基肥氮 NDFBF	追肥氮 NDFTF	基肥氮+追肥氮 NDFBF+NDFTF	土壤氮 NDFS
N1	CK	31.05±2.49a	11.24±0.39b	4.82±2.41b	16.06±0.55b	14.99±2.05a	36.31±1.97b	15.56±0.85b	51.87±2.82b	48.13±2.82a
	SH	25.67±0.79b	8.39±0.31c	3.60±1.80c	11.99±0.45c	13.68±0.78a	32.70±1.31b	14.02±0.56b	46.72±1.87b	53.28±1.87a
N2	CK	30.20±3.94ab	15.74±0.99a	6.74±3.39a	22.48±1.42a	7.72±4.09b	52.70±7.87a	22.59±3.37a	75.29±11.24a	24.71±11.24b
	SH	20.24±3.60c	10.13±1.82b	4.34±2.26b	14.48±2.60b	5.76±1.88b	50.21±5.19a	21.52±2.23a	71.73±7.42a	28.27±7.42b
F值	N	5.07	39.22^**	39.22^**	39.22^**	38.35^**	51.50^**	51.50^**	51.50^**	51.50^**
F value	S	30.26^**	72.11^**	72.11^**	72.11^**	1.77	1.67	1.67	1.67	1.67
	N×S	2.69	7.63^*	7.63^*	7.63^*	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06

处理 Treatment		积累量/(mg/株) Accumulation amount					比例/% Ratio
		总氮 TNAA	肥料氮NDFF			土壤氮 NDFS	肥料氮NDFF			土壤氮 NDFS
		总氮 TNAA	基肥氮 NDFBF	追肥氮 NDFTF	基肥氮+追肥氮 NDFBF+NDFTF	土壤氮 NDFS	基肥氮 NDFBF	追肥氮 NDFTF	基肥氮+追肥氮 NDFBF+NDFTF	土壤氮 NDFS
N1	CK	31.05±2.49a	11.24±0.39b	4.82±2.41b	16.06±0.55b	14.99±2.05a	36.31±1.97b	15.56±0.85b	51.87±2.82b	48.13±2.82a
	SH	25.67±0.79b	8.39±0.31c	3.60±1.80c	11.99±0.45c	13.68±0.78a	32.70±1.31b	14.02±0.56b	46.72±1.87b	53.28±1.87a
N2	CK	30.20±3.94ab	15.74±0.99a	6.74±3.39a	22.48±1.42a	7.72±4.09b	52.70±7.87a	22.59±3.37a	75.29±11.24a	24.71±11.24b
	SH	20.24±3.60c	10.13±1.82b	4.34±2.26b	14.48±2.60b	5.76±1.88b	50.21±5.19a	21.52±2.23a	71.73±7.42a	28.27±7.42b
F值	N	5.07	39.22^**	39.22^**	39.22^**	38.35^**	51.50^**	51.50^**	51.50^**	51.50^**
F value	S	30.26^**	72.11^**	72.11^**	72.11^**	1.77	1.67	1.67	1.67	1.67
	N×S	2.69	7.63^*	7.63^*	7.63^*	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06

处理 Treatment		积累量/(mg/株) Accumulation amount					比例/% Ratio
		总氮 TNAA	肥料氮NDFF			土壤氮 NDFS	肥料氮NDFF			土壤氮 NDFS
		总氮 TNAA	基肥氮 NDFBF	追肥氮 NDFTF	基肥氮+追肥氮 NDFBF+NDFTF	土壤氮 NDFS	基肥氮 NDFBF	追肥氮 NDFTF	基肥氮+追肥氮 NDFBF+NDFTF	土壤氮 NDFS
N1	CK	19.09±1.15b	8.51±0.45b	3.65±1.83b	12.16±0.64b	6.93±1.46a	44.71±4.02bc	19.16±1.72bc	63.88±5.74bc	36.12±5.74ab
	SH	12.44±1.47c	5.30±0.71c	2.27±1.16c	7.58±1.02c	4.87±0.68ab	42.59±2.38c	18.25±1.02c	60.84±3.39c	39.16±3.39a
N2	CK	23.51±1.37a	12.78±0.75a	5.48±2.75a	18.26±1.08a	5.25±2.14ab	54.55±5.45a	23.38±2.33a	77.92±7.78a	22.08±7.78c
	SH	13.45±1.27c	7.16±0.77b	3.07±1.56b	10.23±1.09b	3.23±0.50b	53.21±2.33ab	22.80±1.00ab	76.01±3.32b	23.99±3.32cb
F值	N	10.29^*	56.77^**	56.77^**	56.77^**	3.36	16.92^**	16.92^**	16.92^**	16.92^**
F value	S	97.49^**	118.03^**	118.03^**	118.03^**	5.12	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49
	N×S	4.05	8.79^*	8.79^*	8.79^*	0.00	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03

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