Abstract: Based on the long-term located fertilization experiment of Laiyang, Shandong Province, China, began in 1978, to study the transport and accumulation characteristics of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the Fluvo-aquic soil and its relationship with the summer maize yield.The test set organic fertilizer(M), nitrogen fertilizer(N)2 factors, 3 levels, 9 treatment;3 levels of organic fertilizer(M):M₀(0 t/ha), M₁(30 t/ha), M₂(60 t/ha), and 3 levels of nitrogen fertilizer(N):N₀(0 kg/ha), N₁(138 kg/ha), N₂(276 kg/ha).After summer corn harvest in 2014 and 2015, the contents of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm were measured respectively, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen in different soil depth of 0-100 cm and the summer corn yield were calculated.The results showed that the amount of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and its accumulation amount in soil could be improved by applying organic fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer.In the 0-100 cm soil layer, the vertical migration trends of nitrate nitrogen of different treatments were different, but the vertical migration trend of ammonium nitrogen were basically the same.Compared with chemical fertilizer, application of organic fertilizer could slow nitrate to the deep soil leaching, but both of ammonium nitrogen to influence the trend of migration in deep soil was not obvious.Long-term application of organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer on nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen accumulation amount of the impact of extremely significant level, there was extremely significant interaction effect on the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in soil.Compared with the M₀N₀(CK), the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the addition of fertilization treatments were significantly respectively increased by 112%-396% and 69%-259% at P<0.05.In 0-20, 0-40, 0-60, 0-80, 0-100 cm in each soil layer, the nitrate nitrogen accumulation and the ammonium nitrogen accumulation had different linear relationship with summer maize yield.Research showed that rational application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could reduce the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil and the leaching, and it is advantageous to improve the yield of crops, maintain the stability of the soil ecosystem, promote the sustainable development of agriculture and protect the groundwater resources.

Key words: Long-term located fertilization, Nitrate nitrogen, Ammonium nitrogen, Accumulation characteristics, Maize yield

CLC Number: 

• S157

• S158