Bioinformatics Analysis and Subcellular Localization of SAUR32/23 Genes in Saposhnikovia divaricata

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194438

Abstract

Abstract:

The bioinformatic analysis of SAUR genes aims to unveil their structure,function,and evolutionary relationships.Simultaneously,through subcellular localization,the goal was to understand their position within the cell,thereby inferring their biological functions.Such analyses contribute to a deeper understanding of the gene's mechanistic role and potential applications within an organism.This held particular theoretical and practical significance for regulating the germination of windproof seeds,reducing seed dormancy duration,and facilitating green cultivation and breeding of wind-resistant plants.In order to explore the biological characteristics and functions of SAUR genes,SdSAUR32 and SdSAUR23 were cloned from Saposhnikovia divaricata,and bioinformatics analysis was conducted to analyze the expression and subcellular localization of these two genes in different dormancy stages of Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds.The findings indicated that the SdSAUR32 protein had a molecular weight of approximately 14.48 ku(pI 6.45),while the SdSAUR23 protein had a molecular weight of around 10.29 ku(pI 8.00),confirming that both proteins were hydrophilic.The conserved domain analysis of SdSAURs gene encoded protein showed that SdSAUR32 and SdSAUR23 had the same conserved domain,which belonged to auxin induced superfamily members.The phylogenetic analysis showed that both SdSAUR32 and SdSAUR23 encoded protein was the closest relative to Daucus carota. The subcellular localization results indicated that both SdSAUR32 and SdSAUR23 were found within the nucleus.The SdSAUR32 and SdSAUR23 genes were found to be expressed during different stages of Saposhnikovia divaricata seed development.It was observed that the expression levels of these two genes were significantly higher during the germinal stage compared to the release dormancy stage and dormancy stage.This suggested that SdSAUR32 and SdSAUR23 may have a crucial role in the germination,growth,and development of Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds.This study offers not only insights for investigating the role of the SAUR gene family but also establishes atheoretical framework for examining the function of other genes in the parsnip family at the molecular level.

Key words: Saposhnikovia divaricata, SAUR, Bioinformatics, Subcellular localization

CAO Zhenglin, CHEN Fuyuan, HUANG Yulan, LI Youzhen, DING Hongxia, XIA Kaixuan, WEI Wenqi. Bioinformatics Analysis and Subcellular Localization of SAUR32/23 Genes in Saposhnikovia divaricata[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(2): 71-78. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194438.

/ / Recommend / Download Citations

URL: http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/10.7668/hbnxb.20194438

http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2024/V39/I2/71

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 The amplification outcome of the SdSAURs gene

Fig.2 The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the SdSAURs gene

Fig.3 Second-structure analysis of SdSAUR32 Blue.α-helix; Red.Extended strand; Purple.Random coil; Green.β-turn.The same as Fig.4.

Fig.4 Second-structure analysis of SdSAUR23

Fig.5 3D structure analysis of SdSAURs

Fig.6 Conserved domain analysis of SdSAUR32

Fig.7 Conserved domain analysis of SdSAUR23

Fig.8 Phylogenetic analysis of SdSAUR32 gene and orthologs

Fig.9 Phylogenetic analysis of SdSAUR23 protein and orthologs

Fig.10 Expression patterns of SdSAURs gene The different lowercase letters indicate that the difference is significant at 0.05 level.

Fig.11 Bacterial solution PCR and double enzyme digestion of plasmid A.pC2300-35S-GFP plasmid;B.PCR detection of bacterial liquid;C.Double digestion verification.

Fig.12 Subcellular localization analysis of SdSAURs

References 22

[1]	中国药典[S]. 一部.中国医药科技出版社.北京, 2020.
	Chinese Pharmacopoeia[S]. Part One.China Medical Science and Technology Press.Beijing, 2020.
[2]	柏桂顺, 王成功, 李江勇, 黎丽英, 姚姜羽, 巩丽虹. 中药防风活性成分及生理作用研究进展[J]. 中国民间疗法, 2020, 28(12):116-117.doi:10.19621/j.cnki.11-3555/r.2020.1252.
	Bai G S, Wang C G, Li J Y, Li L Y, Yao J Y, Gong L H. Research progress on active components and physiological functions of traditional Chinese medicine Saposhnikovia divaricata[J]. China's Naturopathy, 2020, 28(12):116-117.
[3]	刘双利, 姜程曦, 赵岩, 许永华, 王壮, 张连学. 防风化学成分及其药理作用研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2017, 48(10):2146-2152.doi:10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2017.10.032.
	Liu S L, Jiang C X, Zhao Y, Xu Y H, Wang Z, Zhang L X. Advance in study on chemical constituents of Saposhnikovia divaricate and their pharmacological effects[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2017, 48(10):2146-2152.
[4]	赵文琦, 季兰. 种子休眠与解除机理的研究进展[J]. 山西农业科学, 2017, 45(3):477-481.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2481.2017.03.38.
	Zhao W Q, Ji L. Research progress on mechanism of seed dormancy and dormancy breaking[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 45(3):477-481.
[5]	Liu A H, Gao F, Kanno Y, Jordan M C, Kamiya Y, Seo M, Ayele B T. Regulation of wheat seed dormancy by after-ripening is mediated by specific transcriptional switches that induce changes in seed hormone metabolism and signaling[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(2):e56570.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056570. URL
[6]	宋松泉, 刘军, 唐翠芳, 张文虎, 徐恒恒, 张琪, 高家东. 生长素代谢与信号转导及其调控种子休眠与萌发的分子机制[J]. 科学通报, 2020, 65(34):3924-3943.doi:10.1360/TB-2020-0509.
	Song S Q, Liu J, Tang C F, Zhang W H, Xu H H, Zhang Q, Gao J D. Metabolism and signaling of auxins and their roles in regulating seed dormancy and germination[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2020, 65(34):3924-3943.
[7]	Liu X D, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Feng Z Y, Li Q, Yang H Q, Luan S, Li J M, He Z H. Auxin controls seed dormancy through stimulation of abscisic acid signaling by inducing ARF-mediated ABI3 activation in Arabidopsis[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013, 110(38):15485-15490.doi:10.1073/pnas.1304651110.
[8]	Wang S K, Bai Y H, Shen C J, Wu Y R, Zhang S N, Jiang D A, Guilfoyle T J, Chen M, Qi Y H. Auxin-related gene families in abiotic stress response in Sorghum bicolor[J]. Functional & Integrative, 2010, 10(4):533-546.doi:10.1007/s10142-010-0174-3.
[9]	Wu J, Liu S Y, He Y J, Guan X Y, Zhu X F, Cheng L, Wang J, Lu G. Genome-wide analysis of SAUR gene family in Solanaceae species[J]. Gene, 2012, 509(1):38-50.doi:10.1016/j.gene.2012.08.002. URL
[10]	Zhao J, Li W J, Sun S, Peng L L, Huang Z B, He Y Q, Wang Z F. The rice small auxin-up RNA gene OsSAUR33 regulates seed vigor via sugar pathway during early seed germination[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22(4):1562.doi:10.3390/ijms22041562. URL
[11]	谢宏, 李舒文, 董迪, 王梦迪, 贾薇, 晁跃辉, 赵彦. 蒺藜苜蓿MtDWF1基因克隆、亚细胞定位及表达特征分析[J]. 草地学报, 2023, 31(4):984-991.doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.04.006.
	Xie H, Li S W, Dong D, Wang M D, Jia W, Chao Y H, Zhao Y. Cloning,subcellular localization and expression pattern of MtDWF1 gene in Medicago truncatula[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(4):984-991.
[12]	Guilfoyle T J, Hagen G. Auxin response factors[J]. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2007, 10(5):453-460.doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2007.08.014. pmid: 17900969
[13]	Jain M, Tyagi A K, Khurana J P. Genome-wide analysis,evolutionary expansion,and expression of early auxin-responsive SAUR gene family in rice(Oryza sativa)[J]. Genomics, 2006, 88(3):360-371.doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2006.04.008. URL
[14]	Kant S, Bi Y M, Zhu T, Rothstein S J. SAUR39,a small auxin-up RNA gene,acts as a negative regulator of auxin synthesis and transport in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 2009, 151(2):691-701.doi:10.1104/pp.109.143875. URL
[15]	左进城, 孙守梅, 王雅宁, 解卫海, 周瑞莲, 胡德昌. 赤霉素和吲哚乙酸对轮叶黑藻冬芽萌发和幼苗生长的作用[J]. 广东农业科学, 2014, 41(19):170-173.doi:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874x.2014.19.014.
	Zuo J C, Sun S M, Wang Y N, Xie W H, Zhou R L, Hu D C. Effects of GA and IAA on winter buds sprouting and seedling growth of Hydrilla verticillata[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 41(19):170-173.
[16]	马正才, 马月芳. 不同浓度植物激素对青稞种子萌发及育苗的影响[J]. 甘肃高师学报, 2021, 26(5):14-19.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-9020.2021.05.005.
	Ma Z C, Ma Y F. Effects of the different concentration of plant hormones on the seed germination and seedling development of highland barley[J]. Journal of Gansu Normal Colleges, 2021, 26(5):14-19.
[17]	张素清, 陆爱君. 植物激素对种子萌发的影响[J]. 辽宁林业科技, 2015(3):59-61.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1714.2015.03.022.
	Zhang S Q, Lu A J. Effects of plant hormones on seed germination[J]. Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology, 2015(3):59-61.
[18]	Chae K, Isaacs C G, Reeves P H, Maloney G S, Muday G K, Nagpal P, Reed J W. Arabidopsis SMALL AUXIN UP RNA63 promotes hypocotyl and stamen filament elongation[J]. The Plant Journal, 2012, 71(4):684-697.doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.05024.x.
[19]	Qiu T, Chen Y, Li M M, Kong Y Y, Zhu Y B, Han N, Bian H W, Zhu M Y, Wang J H. The tissue-specific and developmentally regulated expression patterns of the SAUR41 subfamily of small auxin up RNA genes:potential implications[J]. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2013, 8(8):e25283.doi:10.4161/psb.25283.
[20]	Knauss S, Rohrmeier T, Lehle L. The auxin-induced maize gene ZmSAUR2 encodes a short-lived nuclear protein expressed in elongating tissues[J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003, 278(26):23936-23943.doi:10.1074/jbc.m212585200. URL
[21]	Yang T B, Poovaiah B W. Molecular and biochemical evidence for the involvement of calcium/calmodulin in auxin action[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2000, 275(5):3137-3143.doi:10.1074/jbc.275.5.3137. pmid: 10652297
[22]	周大祥, 杨俊年, 龙泉洲, 殷幼平, 熊书. 青枯菌Ⅲ型分泌系统HrcN原核表达与亚细胞定位[J]. 西北农业学报, 2022, 31(9):1228-1234.doi:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2022.09.016.
	Zhou D X, Yang J N, Long Q Z, Yin Y P, Xiong S. Prokaryotic expression and subcellular localization of HrcN protein in T3SS of Ralstonia solanacearum[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica, 2022, 31(9):1228-1234.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export