Effects of "5416" Formula Fertilization on the Content of Mineral Elements and Fruit Polyphenols in Merlot Grapes

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192999

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide a theoretical basis for the high-quality production and precise fertilization of Merlot grapes,through the determination of the mineral element content of each growth and different tissue parts,and the nutritional diagnosis and analysis based on the quality index formed by the phenolic substances in the fruit.The comprehensive quality index of fruit phenolics,namely CI value,was calculated by Topsis analysis method.By comparing the correlation between content of various mineral elements in different growth stages/ tissues and CI value,the nutritional diagnostic factors are determined.In order to provide a theoretical basis for the high-quality production and precise fertilization of Merlot grapes,high-CI vineyards were classified by CND method.The results showed that there was a significant synergistic and antagonistic relationship among the mineral elements in the leaves,petioles and fruits of the Merlot grapes.VS_F_N,MS_F_P,VS_F_K,VS_L_Ca,FBS_F_Mg,VS_F_Fe,FBS_L_Mn,MS_F_Zn,FBS_P_Cu,VS_P_B,FBS_L_Mo were selected as plant nutrition diagnostic factors.The quality index inflection point value of high-CI vineyards was 0.735 5,of which 7 orchards met this condition,accounting for 14.58% of the overall sample.According to the mineral element content range of Merlot plant within high-CI vineyards,the appropriate values of nutritional diagnostic factors were:N(8.85—11.81)mg/g,P(1.98—4.26)mg/g,K(14.97—20.70)mg/g,Ca(35.57—68.83)mg/g,Mg(3.69—15.51)mg/g,Fe(70.96—103.26)mg/kg,Mn(166.20—277.67)mg/kg,Zn(10.71—20.27)mg/kg,Cu(9.54—14.90)mg/kg,B(11.44—17.07)mg/kg,Mo(0.69—1.60)mg/kg.The nutritional diagnosis of high-CI vineyards showed that the K,Ca,Mn,and Mg in Merlot plants were on the low side.The obtain the highest fruit quality index as the goal,the recommended fertilizer rates per hectare were N 62.25 kg,P₂O₅ 46.50 kg,K₂O 0.00 kg,CaO 56.25 kg,and MgO 46.50 kg.Ca and Mg fertilizers should be applied in small amounts and multiple times;we should strengthen the management of water and fertilizer in the orchard to increase the absorption of K element by the tree.Through foliar spraying,the lack of Mn elements can be appropriately supplemented.

Key words: Merlot grapes, CND, CI, Nutritional diagnosis, Nutritional status

WANG Xiaolong, ZHANG Zhengwen, SHAO Xuedong, ZHONG Xiaomin, WANG Fucheng, SHI Xiangbin, ZHANG Yican, WANG Haibo. Effects of "5416" Formula Fertilization on the Content of Mineral Elements and Fruit Polyphenols in Merlot Grapes[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(5): 105-113. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192999.

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References 40

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处理 Treatment	因素
处理 Treatment	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	CaO	MgO
T1	1	1	1	1	1
T2	1	2	2	2	2
T3	1	3	3	3	3
T4	1	4	4	4	4
T5	2	1	2	3	4
T6	2	2	1	4	3
T7	2	3	4	1	2
T8	2	4	3	2	1
T9	3	1	3	4	2
T10	3	2	4	3	1
T11	3	3	1	2	4
T12	3	4	2	1	3
T13	4	1	4	2	3
T14	4	2	3	1	4
T15	4	3	2	4	1
T16	4	4	1	3	2

处理 Treatment	因素
处理 Treatment	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	CaO	MgO
T1	1	1	1	1	1
T2	1	2	2	2	2
T3	1	3	3	3	3
T4	1	4	4	4	4
T5	2	1	2	3	4
T6	2	2	1	4	3
T7	2	3	4	1	2
T8	2	4	3	2	1
T9	3	1	3	4	2
T10	3	2	4	3	1
T11	3	3	1	2	4
T12	3	4	2	1	3
T13	4	1	4	2	3
T14	4	2	3	1	4
T15	4	3	2	4	1
T16	4	4	1	3	2

年份 Year	分布范围 Distribution range	皮花色苷/(mg/g) Skin anthocyanins	皮单宁/(mg/g) Skin tannin	籽单宁/(mg/g) Seed tannin	品质指数 CI
2018	最小值	1.66(T12)	0.65(T1)	0.08(T1)	0.09(T1)
	最大值	4.15(T10)	2.48(T13)	4.10(T13)	0.44(T13)
	平均值	2.58±0.73b	1.79±0.47a	1.65±1.02b	0.31±0.09b
2019	最小值	1.79(T12)	0.76(T12)	0.31(T5)	0.23(T5)
	最大值	4.42(T16)	3.22(T2)	12.73(T15)	0.79(T8)
	平均值	3.16±0.68a	1.93±0.74a	5.85±3.78a	0.51±0.16a
2020	最小值	1.10(T2)	0.46(T9)	1.65(T1)	0.12(T2)
	最大值	3.55(T11)	3.10(T12)	12.26(T11)	0.88(T11)
	平均值	2.28±0.80b	1.63±0.91a	7.09±3.67a	0.48±0.24a

年份 Year	分布范围 Distribution range	皮花色苷/(mg/g) Skin anthocyanins	皮单宁/(mg/g) Skin tannin	籽单宁/(mg/g) Seed tannin	品质指数 CI
2018	最小值	1.66(T12)	0.65(T1)	0.08(T1)	0.09(T1)
	最大值	4.15(T10)	2.48(T13)	4.10(T13)	0.44(T13)
	平均值	2.58±0.73b	1.79±0.47a	1.65±1.02b	0.31±0.09b
2019	最小值	1.79(T12)	0.76(T12)	0.31(T5)	0.23(T5)
	最大值	4.42(T16)	3.22(T2)	12.73(T15)	0.79(T8)
	平均值	3.16±0.68a	1.93±0.74a	5.85±3.78a	0.51±0.16a
2020	最小值	1.10(T2)	0.46(T9)	1.65(T1)	0.12(T2)
	最大值	3.55(T11)	3.10(T12)	12.26(T11)	0.88(T11)
	平均值	2.28±0.80b	1.63±0.91a	7.09±3.67a	0.48±0.24a

组织_元素 Tissue_Element
叶片_氮	L_N	0.110	-0.188^*	0.661^**	-0.689^**	0.052	-0.328^**	-0.832^**	-0.445^**	-0.829^**	0.107	0.110
叶片_磷	L_P	-0.006	-0.095	0.085	-0.386^**	-0.188^*	-0.031	-0.350^**	-0.272^**	-0.365^**	-0.040	-0.153
叶片_钾	L_K	0.191^*	0.206^*	-0.136	0.131	-0.031	0.243^**	0.235^**	0.141	0.093	0.101	-0.152
叶片_钙	L_Ca	-0.556^**	-0.289^**	0.280^**	-0.694^**	-0.064	-0.640^**	-0.745^**	-0.681^**	-0.605^**	-0.156	0.042
叶片_镁	L_Mg	-0.304^**	-0.020	0.368^**	-0.537^**	-0.025	-0.459^**	-0.570^**	-0.461^**	-0.521^**	0.102	0.135
叶片_铁	L_Fe	-0.049	0.002	0.438^**	-0.603^**	-0.002	-0.298^**	-0.652^**	-0.488^**	-0.703^**	0.136	-0.067
叶片_锰	L_Mn	-0.642^**	-0.475^**	0.190^*	-0.787^**	-0.155	-0.695^**	-0.827^**	-0.799^**	-0.647^**	-0.254^**	-0.065
叶片_锌	L_Zn	-0.380^**	-0.450^**	0.172^*	-0.759^**	-0.163	-0.397^**	-0.788^**	-0.735^**	-0.692^**	-0.203^*	-0.178^*
叶片_铜	L_Cu	-0.706^**	-0.331^**	-0.046	-0.511^**	-0.150	-0.590^**	-0.528^**	-0.659^**	-0.336^**	-0.197^*	-0.001
叶片_硼	L_B	0.433^**	0.319^**	0.431^**	0.021	0.188^*	0.167^*	-0.001	0.198^*	-0.140	0.291^**	-0.066
叶片_钼	L_Mo	-0.050	-0.119	-0.163	0.036	-0.072	0.098	0.101	-0.030	0.157	-0.150	-0.202^*
叶柄_氮	P_N	0.505^**	0.141	0.733^**	-0.329^**	0.190^*	-0.030	-0.476^**	0.008	-0.584^**	0.307^**	0.222^**
叶柄_磷	P_P	0.358^**	0.377^**	-0.037	0.325^**	0.086	0.412^**	0.334^**	0.326^**	0.281^**	0.265^**	0.025
叶柄_钾	P_K	0.084	0.248^**	0.234^**	0.108	0.129	-0.042	0.098	0.087	0.109	0.225^**	-0.011
叶柄_钙	P_Ca	-0.797^**	-0.411^**	-0.450^**	-0.243^**	-0.297^**	-0.498^**	-0.142	-0.462^**	0.043	-0.498^**	-0.173^*
叶柄_镁	P_Mg	-0.717^**	-0.285^**	-0.434^**	-0.149	-0.301^**	-0.455^**	-0.052	-0.322^**	0.117	-0.446^**	-0.067
叶柄_铁	P_Fe	0.219^**	0.114	0.049	0.013	0.076	0.220^**	-0.024	0.002	-0.094	0.070	-0.090
叶柄_锰	P_Mn	-0.472^**	-0.224^**	-0.590^**	0.305^**	-0.145	-0.067	0.429^**	0.092	0.545^**	-0.357^**	-0.030
叶柄_锌	P_Zn	-0.275^**	-0.269^**	-0.465^**	0.283^**	-0.077	0.022	0.301^**	0.138	0.401^**	-0.323^**	0.098
叶柄_铜	P_Cu	-0.426^**	-0.010	-0.441^**	0.305^**	-0.067	-0.044	0.419^**	0.070	0.663^**	-0.049	-0.033
叶柄_硼	P_B	0.605^**	0.512^**	0.112	0.508^**	0.231^**	0.505^**	0.512^**	0.623^**	0.345^**	0.553^**	0.214^**
叶柄_钼	P_Mo	-0.242^**	-0.463^**	0.167^*	-0.428^**	-0.063	-0.290^**	-0.514^**	-0.369^**	-0.314^**	-0.266^**	0.060

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